Plants_Diseases_Detection

Plants_Diseases_Detection

This repo is for detecting plant diseases using deep learning. Plants provide over 80% of the food consumed by humans and are the primary source of nutrition for livestock. However, 1.3 billion tons every year of food are wasted, and there are 800 million hungry people around the world. Food waste is a huge source of greenhouse emissions and wasted natural resources. Thus, this project is to help reduce these numbers and secure more food for those hungry people at zero.

Introduction

Plants provide over 80% of the food consumed by humans and are the primary source of nutrition for livestock. However, 1.3 billion tons every year of food are wasted, and there are 800 million hungry people around the world. Food waste is a huge source of greenhouse emissions and wasted natural resources. As an entrepreneur who owns a startup called DeepInsights, I thought about why I am not inventing a solution to help out the farmers in my country and gradually reduce the issue of food insecurity all over the world. So, I came up with this idea, which is not only a solution, but also has humanitarian reasons by helping poor farmers improve their lives through reducing the wasted crops and securing more food for those hungry people all over the world with affordable solutions.

Background

According to the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization-UN) report, which mentioned there are 40% of crops annually wasted globally due to plant diseases issue, which is worth more than 70 billion dollars. In my country and other African countries this percentage reached more than 75% of food due to lack of knowledge from the farmers of plant diseases and how to deal with it. Therefore, I designed a strategic, innovative cloud based and customer focused digital transformation projects-Plants disease Detection: Conceptualized the digital ‘Book, Track and Manage’ product for field plants disease detection. Assessed customer needs, analyzed insights, developed a roadmap and prototype which led to a successful MVP (minimum viable product) within 2 month (against a 9-month estimate), resulting in the project got accepted by three Canadian government accelerator’s program (Empoweredstartups, Pacific Technology Ventures, Planet Hatch) and projected over $150M in annual savings.

1. Early crops disease detection, which will reduce corps wasted percentage globally from 40% to 10% annually.
2. Effectively feed 811 million hungry people all over the world.
3. Low operational cost
4. Raise farmers' awareness of plants diseases, throughout a free consultation, which the solution provides.
5. Increase framer productivity by reducing food waste (according to the FAO-UN there are 40% corps annually wasted)
6. Use Advanced technology such as Drones to cover wide areas of land .
7. High potential growth according to the FAO-UN the world cost of losing corps 70 billion dollars.
8. High demands for this solution all over the world due the international food crises.

My case study

As we know, plant diseases differ from area to area, so I will focus this solution on detecting plant diseases in Africa Sudan as an example. The solution will not only help farmers detect these diseases, but also suggest suitable treatment with the most effective, affordable product, which is available in their country. Therefore, by using this smart solution farmers will reduce the waste of crops as a result of lack of knowledge. Moreover, there is a unique feature about this solution, which will be available in their native language. This project aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which stated that Food security is a crucial aspect of human health and one of the pillars. The UN definition of food security identified four key pillars:

• Availability.
• Accessibility (both economic and socio-cultural).
• Utilization, including food preparation and safety.
• The stability of these three pillars.

So, plant diseases and pests influence the availability and safety of plants for human and animal consumption.

What makes this solution unique are?

1. Accurate detection
2. Free consultation
3. Describe proper medication
4. Available in farmers' native language
5. Customize based on country types plants diseases
6. Simple electronic leaflet in the image of popup show framers :
   • The disease name
   • The stage of the disease
   • Possible medications
   • Guidelines of how to use the medication
   • Video call with plant diseases expert
   • Weekly monitoring by using drones to check the progress.

This solution builds on many phases until it reaches the ultimate goal, which is to decrease the global percentage of food waste because of plant diseases. Therefore, the first phase focused on the African corps because the food percentage of wasted food reached more than 80%. According to the UN, about 21% of people on the continent suffered from hunger in 2020, a total of 282 million people.

First Phase

The first phase of this project is to focus on the African strategic and economic corps, the reason why focus on Africa is that Africa has more hungry people than other continents. Moreover, African countries' economies depend on agriculture as the main source of income. For instance, Sudan has grazing land of between 120 million and 150 million hectares, and agricultural products represent between 75-80% of exports. This percentage is the normal situation, but unfortunately, due to plant diseases not reaching this percentage.

Second Phase

The second phase of this project will allow the solution to analyze many plants leaves from one pictures take it from the mobile app to save farmers time and efforts specifically in the big agriculture land in case the farmer does not want to use a drone. So as in the below the expected analysis of the diseases will be.

Phase Three

Phase three will contains below features:

1. Integrate drones with diseases medicines database to help farmer and agriculture disease expert add appropriate prescription
2. Use the drone to spraying pesticides that load by the farmer or the expert This methodlogy will save time and cost for the framers instead of hiring team or a company to do manual work, drones can do it in no time

Target plants

1. Cotton
2. Potato
3. Tomato
4. Cereals(sorghum and wheat)
5. Orchard crops(Mango, Citrus, Guava and Date-palm)
6. Sugarcane

Below example of one of those plants that show the healthy and unhealthy of the plant

Cotton

Healthy plant

Unhealthy plant

Tomato

Healthy plant

Unhealthy plant

Solution architecture

Tools &Technology

1. Python 3
2. Deep learning(CNN)
3. Tensorflow
4. Keras
5. Nodejs
6. NPM
7. React Native
8. Jupter Notebook 9.vGoogle Cloud
9. FastAPI
10. TF serve
11. TF lite Model
12. Drone

Model Result

Below is a result of the model detecting successfully plant diseases

Cotton

Tomato

Potato

Solution Website

As we can see below the solution providing the

1. Disease name
2. Information about the disease
3. Proper treatment for this kind of disease
4. Expert contact number.

**Solution Mobile App

Next Step

1. Analyse Wheat plant diseases
2. Build deep learning model for wheat diseases
3. Improve solution website
4. Connecting the drone with mobile app
5. Translate the solution to be available in Arabic language

Wheat

Importance of wheat in people life

Nobody can deny the importance of wheat as the most important plant for world food because It is the most widely cultivated crop in the world, cultivated on 217 million ha annually. Wheat now supplies a fifth of food calories and protein to the world’s population according to many studies, so clrearly there is continued urgency to enhance wheat productivity to ensure global food security given continued global population growth. Due to the war in Ukraine and because Ukraine consider is one of the biggest producer of wheat production the price of wheat has jumped on international markets after India banned the export of the staple cereal. In my view, the solution to such crises is focus of reduce the waste of wheat as a results of diseases, therefore, my research will has a great impact in this area.

Wheat diseases

There are many disease that wheat plant suffered from, below are some of them:

1. Powdery mildew
2. Brown rust
3. Black rust
4. Karnal bunt
5. Flag smut

Below are example of showing by pictures healthy and unhealty wheat plant

healthy

Unhealthy

This suffered from Rust dieases

Wheat diseases by Picture

Wheat Model Result