教你一步一步用java 設計生成二維碼
在物聯網的時代，二維碼是個很重要的東西了，現在無論什麼東西都要搞個二維碼標誌，唯恐落伍，就差人沒有用二維碼識別了。也許有一天生分證或者戶口本都會用二維碼識別了。今天心血來潮，看見別人都為自己的博客添加了二維碼，我也想搞一個測試一下.
主要用來實現兩點：
1. 生成任意文字的二維碼.
2. 在二維碼的中間加入圖像.
一、準備工作。
準備QR二維碼3.0 版本的core包和一張jpg圖片。
下載QR二維碼包。
首先得下載zxing.jar 包, 我這裡用的是3.0 版本的core包
下載地址: 現在已經遷移到了github: https://github.com/zxing/zxing/wiki/Getting-Started-Developing,
當然你也可以從maven倉庫下載jar 包: http://central.maven.org/maven2/com/google/zxing/core/
二、程序設計
1、啟動eclipse，新建一個java項目，命好項目名（本例取名為QRCodeSoft）。點下一步：
2、導入zxing.jar 包, 我這裡用的是3.0 版本的core包：點“添加外部JAR(X)…”。
3、新建兩個類，分別是：
BufferedImageLuminanceSource.java
QRCodeUtil.java
關鍵代碼在於：BufferedImageLuminanceSource.java 和QRCodeUtil.java , 其中測試的main 方法位於QRCodeUtil.java 中。
BufferedImageLuminanceSource.java程序代碼：
package com.yihaomen.barcode;import java.awt.Graphics2D;import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;public class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource {private final BufferedImage image;private final int left;private final int top;public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) {this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());}public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left,int top, int width, int height) {super(width, height);int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");}for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white}}}this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight,BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);this.left = left;this.top = top;}public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y);}int width = getWidth();if (row == null || row.length < width) {row = new byte[width];}image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);return row;}public byte[] getMatrix() {int width = getWidth();int height = getHeight();int area = width * height;byte[] matrix = new byte[area];image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);return matrix;}public boolean isCropSupported() {return true;}public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left,this.top + top, width, height);}public boolean isRotateSupported() {return true;}public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0,0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth);BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight,sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();g.drawImage(image, transform, null);g.dispose();int width = getWidth();return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top,sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width);}}QRCodeUtil.java的程序代碼：
package com.yihaomen.barcode;import java.awt.BasicStroke;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.Graphics2D;import java.awt.Image;import java.awt.Shape;import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.File;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.Hashtable;import java.util.Random;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;import com.google.zxing.Result;import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;/** * 二維碼工具類* */public class QRCodeUtil {private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";// 二維碼尺寸private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;// LOGO寬度private static final int WIDTH = 60;// LOGO高度private static final int HEIGHT = 60;private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath,boolean needCompress) throws Exception {Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content,BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE, hints);int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000: 0xFFFFFFFF);}}if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {return image;}// 插入圖片QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);return image;}/** * 插入LOGO * * @param source * 二維碼圖片* @param imgPath * LOGO圖片地址* @param needCompress * 是否壓縮* @throws Exception */private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath,boolean needCompress) throws Exception {File file = new File(imgPath);if (!file.exists()) {System.err.println(""+imgPath+" 該文件不存在！ ");return;}Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));int width = src.getWidth(null);int height = src.getHeight(null);if (needCompress) { // 壓縮LOGOif (width > WIDTH) {width = WIDTH;}if (height > HEIGHT) {height = HEIGHT;}Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height,Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 繪製縮小後的圖g.dispose();src = image;}// 插入LOGOGraphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));graph.draw(shape);graph.dispose();}/** * 生成二維碼(內嵌LOGO) * * @param content * 內容* @param imgPath * LOGO地址* @param destPath * 存放目錄* @param needCompress * 是否壓縮LOGO * @throws Exception */public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath,boolean needCompress) throws Exception {BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath,needCompress);mkdirs(destPath);String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999)+".jpg";ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file));}/** * 當文件夾不存在時，mkdirs會自動創建多層目錄，區別於mkdir． (mkdir如果父目錄不存在則會拋出異常) * @author lanyuan * Email: [email protected] * @date 2013-12-11 上午10:16:36 * @param destPath 存放目錄*/public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {File file =new File(destPath); //當文件夾不存在時，mkdirs會自動創建多層目錄，區別於mkdir． (mkdir如果父目錄不存在則會拋出異常)if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {file.mkdirs();}}/** * 生成二維碼(內嵌LOGO) * * @param content * 內容* @param imgPath * LOGO地址* @param destPath * 存儲地址* @throws Exception */public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath)throws Exception {QRCodeUtil.encode(content, imgPath, destPath, false);}/** * 生成二維碼* * @param content * 內容* @param destPath * 存儲地址* @param needCompress * 是否壓縮LOGO * @throws Exception */public static void encode(String content, String destPath,boolean needCompress) throws Exception {QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, needCompress);}/** * 生成二維碼* * @param content * 內容* @param destPath * 存儲地址* @throws Exception */public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception {QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, false);}/** * 生成二維碼(內嵌LOGO) * * @param content * 內容* @param imgPath * LOGO地址* @param output * 輸出流* @param needCompress * 是否壓縮LOGO * @throws Exception */public static void encode(String content, String imgPath,OutputStream output, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath,needCompress);ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);}/** * 生成二維碼* * @param content * 內容* @param output * 輸出流* @throws Exception */public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output)throws Exception {QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, output, false);}/** * 解析二維碼* * @param file * 二維碼圖片* @return * @throws Exception */public static String decode(File file) throws Exception {BufferedImage image;image = ImageIO.read(file);if (image == null) {return null;}BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));Result result;Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object>();hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);String resultStr = result.getText();return resultStr;}/** * 解析二維碼* * @param path * 二維碼圖片地址* @return * @throws Exception */public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path));}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {String text = "http://www.yihaomen.com";QRCodeUtil.encode(text, "c:/me.jpg", "c:/barcode", true);}}生成不帶logo 的二維碼
程序代碼如下：
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String text = "http://www.dans88.com.cn"; QRCodeUtil.encode(text,"","d:/MyWorkDoc",true);}運行這個測試方法，生成的二維碼不帶logo , 樣式如下:
有興趣可以用手機掃描一下
生成帶logo 的二維碼
logo 可以用自己的頭像，或者自己喜歡的一個圖片都可以, 採用如下代碼，程序代碼如下：
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String text = "http://www.dans88.com.cn"; QRCodeUtil.encode(text, "d:/MyWorkDoc/my180.jpg", "d:/MyWorkDoc", true); }唯一的區別是，在前面的基礎上指定了logo 的地址，這裡測試都用了c盤的圖片文件
用手機掃描，能出現要出現的文字，點擊就進入自己的網站。
以上就是用JAVA 設計生成二維碼,有興趣的朋友可以參考下，謝謝大家對本站的支持！