最近的項目中用到了文件的上傳和下載功能，我覺著這個功能比較重要，因此特意把它提取出來自己進行了嘗試。
下面就是springMVC配置環境實現文件上傳和下載的具體步驟，供大家參考，具體內容如下
一、 基礎配置：
maven導包及配置pom.xml，導包時除開springmvc的基礎依賴外，需要導入文件上傳下載時用到的commons-io.jsr和commons-fileupload.jar：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>filLoadTest</groupId> <artifactId>filLoadTest</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>filLoadTest Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <build> <finalName>filLoadTest</finalName> <plugins> <!-- 以下配置可以保證每次強制更新時jre版本不會變化，那我的eclipse4.4.1，maven3.2.5為例，如果不設置這個，每次強制更新時jre就會變回1.5 --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <compilerArguments> <verbose /> <bootclasspath>${java.home}/lib/rt.jar</bootclasspath> </compilerArguments> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.0.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>web.xml基礎配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <filter> <description>字符集過濾器</description> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <description>字符集編碼</description> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
spring基礎配置spring.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <context:component-scan base-package="controllers" /> <!-- 避免IE執行AJAX時,返回JSON出現下載文件--> <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" > <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 啟動Spring MVC的註解功能，完成請求和註解POJO的映射--> <bean > <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json轉換器--> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 支持上傳文件--> <bean id="multipartResolver" > <!-- 100M --> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"></property> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property> </bean> </beans>
二、文件上傳的代碼
上傳的簡單頁面index.html,要注意form表單提交時的entype的設置：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> </head> <body> <form action="./upLoadFile.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> 選擇文件：<input type="file" name="file"/> <input type="submit" value="提交"/> </form> </body> </html>
上傳對應的後台java代碼，具體問題見註釋：
package controllers; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Iterator; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver; @Controller public class fileController { /** * 文件上傳* * @author：tuzongxun * @Title: upLoadFile * @param @param file * @param @param request * @param @throws IllegalStateException * @param @throws IOException * @return void * @date Apr 28, 2016 1:22:00 PM * @throws */ @RequestMapping(value = "/upLoadFile.do", method = RequestMethod.POST) public void upLoadFile(HttpServletRequest request) throws IllegalStateException, IOException { // @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver( request.getSession().getServletContext()); // 判斷request 是否有文件上傳,即多部分請求if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) { // 轉換成多部分request MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request; // 取得request中的所有文件名Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames(); while (iter.hasNext()) { // 取得上傳文件MultipartFile f = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next()); if (f != null) { // 取得當前上傳文件的文件名稱String myFileName = f.getOriginalFilename(); // 如果名稱不為“”,說明該文件存在，否則說明該文件不存在if (myFileName.trim() != "") { // 定義上傳路徑String path = "C://Users//tuzongxun123//Desktop//" + myFileName; File localFile = new File(path); f.transferTo(localFile); } } } } } }當選擇文件提交後，便會看到選中的文件被傳到了代碼中指定的位置，頁面效果圖如下
三、文件下載
文件下載需要獲取下載文件的存儲路徑，這裡只是手動填入，如果是在具體項目中，可以把文件名和上傳後的存儲路徑保存在數據庫中。然後增加一個文件列表的頁面展示文件名和文件路徑，然後點擊下載的時候把相應的文件名和路徑傳到後台操作。
/** * 文件下載，需要文件名和文件地址* * @author：tuzongxun * @Title: download * @param@param name * @param@param path * @param@return * @param@throws IOException * @returnResponseEntity<byte[]> * @date Apr 28,2016 1:21:32 PM * @throws */ @RequestMapping(value = "/downLoadFile.do") public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(@RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam("filePath") String path) throws IOException { File file = new File(path); HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); String fileName = new String(name.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1");// 為了解決中文名稱亂碼問題headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName); headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM); return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file), headers, HttpStatus.CREATED); } Html頁面，這裡只是簡單的填寫文件名和文件路徑，用form表單提交到後台，然後後台會控制response在頁面彈出保存文件路徑的選擇框，當然了，這裡的後台我沒有做什麼處理，如果文件不存在是會報錯的，可以進行相應的處理：
文件下載：
</br> </br> <form action="./downLoadFile.do"style="border:1px solid grey;width:auto;" method="post"> 文件名：<input type="text" name="name"/></br></br> 文件路徑：<input type="text" name="filePath"/></br></br> <input type="submit" value="確認下載"/> </form>
頁面視圖如下：
如果文件不存在，報錯如下：
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助。