最近的项目中用到了文件的上传和下载功能，我觉着这个功能比较重要，因此特意把它提取出来自己进行了尝试。
下面就是springMVC配置环境实现文件上传和下载的具体步骤，供大家参考，具体内容如下
一、 基础配置：
maven导包及配置pom.xml，导包时除开springmvc的基础依赖外，需要导入文件上传下载时用到的commons-io.jsr和commons-fileupload.jar：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>filLoadTest</groupId> <artifactId>filLoadTest</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>filLoadTest Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <build> <finalName>filLoadTest</finalName> <plugins> <!-- 以下配置可以保证每次强制更新时jre版本不会变化，那我的eclipse4.4.1，maven3.2.5为例，如果不设置这个，每次强制更新时jre就会变回1.5 --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <compilerArguments> <verbose /> <bootclasspath>${java.home}/lib/rt.jar</bootclasspath> </compilerArguments> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.0.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project> web.xml基础配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <filter> <description>字符集过滤器</description> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <description>字符集编码</description> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
spring基础配置spring.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <context:component-scan base-package="controllers" /> <!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 --> <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" > <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 --> <bean > <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json转换器 --> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 支持上传文件 --> <bean id="multipartResolver" > <!-- 100M --> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"></property> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property> </bean> </beans>
二、文件上传的代码
上传的简单页面index.html,要注意form表单提交时的entype的设置：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> </head> <body> <form action="./upLoadFile.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> 选择文件：<input type="file" name="file"/> <input type="submit" value="提交"/> </form> </body> </html>
上传对应的后台java代码，具体问题见注释：
package controllers; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Iterator; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver; @Controller public class fileController { /** * 文件上传 * * @author：tuzongxun * @Title: upLoadFile * @param @param file * @param @param request * @param @throws IllegalStateException * @param @throws IOException * @return void * @date Apr 28, 2016 1:22:00 PM * @throws */ @RequestMapping(value = "/upLoadFile.do", method = RequestMethod.POST) public void upLoadFile(HttpServletRequest request) throws IllegalStateException, IOException { // @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver( request.getSession().getServletContext()); // 判断 request 是否有文件上传,即多部分请求 if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) { // 转换成多部分request MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request; // 取得request中的所有文件名 Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames(); while (iter.hasNext()) { // 取得上传文件 MultipartFile f = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next()); if (f != null) { // 取得当前上传文件的文件名称 String myFileName = f.getOriginalFilename(); // 如果名称不为“”,说明该文件存在，否则说明该文件不存在 if (myFileName.trim() != "") { // 定义上传路径 String path = "C://Users//tuzongxun123//Desktop//" + myFileName; File localFile = new File(path); f.transferTo(localFile); } } } } } } 当选择文件提交后，便会看到选中的文件被传到了代码中指定的位置，页面效果图如下
三、文件下载
文件下载需要获取下载文件的存储路径，这里只是手动填入，如果是在具体项目中，可以把文件名和上传后的存储路径保存在数据库中。然后增加一个文件列表的页面展示文件名和文件路径，然后点击下载的时候把相应的文件名和路径传到后台操作。
/** * 文件下载，需要文件名和文件地址 * * @author：tuzongxun * @Title: download * @param@param name * @param@param path * @param@return * @param@throws IOException * @returnResponseEntity<byte[]> * @date Apr 28,2016 1:21:32 PM * @throws */ @RequestMapping(value = "/downLoadFile.do") public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(@RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam("filePath") String path) throws IOException { File file = new File(path); HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); String fileName = new String(name.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1");// 为了解决中文名称乱码问题 headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName); headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM); return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file), headers, HttpStatus.CREATED); } Html页面，这里只是简单的填写文件名和文件路径，用form表单提交到后台，然后后台会控制response在页面弹出保存文件路径的选择框，当然了，这里的后台我没有做什么处理，如果文件不存在是会报错的，可以进行相应的处理：
文件下载：
</br> </br> <form action="./downLoadFile.do"style="border:1px solid grey;width:auto;" method="post"> 文件名：<input type="text" name="name"/></br></br> 文件路径：<input type="text" name="filePath"/></br></br> <input type="submit" value="确认下载"/> </form>
页面视图如下：
如果文件不存在，报错如下：
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。