Computer Science Foundation Roadmap
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Explore the Computer-Science-Foundation-Roadmap, a comprehensive guide designed to build a robust understanding of computer science. From programming fundamentals to advanced concepts like data structures and operating systems, this roadmap offers a structured learning path with recommended video resources, hands-on exercises, and inspiring projects. Perfect for beginners and those aiming to deepen their knowledge, this repository serves as an invaluable resource for aspiring professionals in computer science and related fields.
While crafting this roadmap, my primary focus was on YouTube videos as the main learning resources to facilitate an easier learning path. However, it's essential to note that learners are not confined to these resources alone. Computer Science is an extensive field, and in this roadmap, I've attempted to encapsulate its breadth. So, dive in and enjoy the learning journey!?
Python for Beginners - Learn Python in 1 Hour
Learn Python - Full Course for Beginners [Tutorial]
Beginner Python Programming All-in-One Tutorial Series (6 HOURS!)
Practices
Hello World: Write a program that prints "Hello, World!" to the console
Add Two Numbers: Create a program that adds two numbers entered by the user and displays the result
Area of a rectangle: Create a program that calculates and displays the area of a rectangle based on user-provided length and width.
Celsius to Fahrenheit: Create a program that converts a temperature in Celsius to Fahrenheit. The program should receive the temperature in Celsius as input from the user, perform the conversion, and display the result with two decimal places.
Swap Two Numbers: Create a program that swaps two numbers without using a third variable. The user is prompted to input two numbers, and the program should interchange their values, ensuring that the original values are swapped and the numbers are effectively reversed.
Shaded Region: Calculate the area of the shaded region in a square with an inscribed circle. Given the radius (R) of the inscribed circle, find the area of the square minus the area of the circle. Present the result with two decimal places to accurately represent the area of the shaded region 
Register User Information: Develop a program that collects and registers user information, including their first name, last name, age, gender, student status, height in meters, and weight in kilograms.
Valid Triangle: Create a program that determines whether it's possible to form a valid triangle using three sticks with given lengths a, b, and c. The program should take the lengths of the sticks as input from the user and check if they satisfy the triangle inequality, where the sum of the lengths of any two sticks must be greater than the length of the third stick. Display the result as "Triangle can be formed" if the condition is met, or "Triangle cannot be formed" if it is not.
Grade Classification: Develop a program that receives a numerical grade as input from the user (within a 0-100 range) and classifies the grade into a predefined letter grade category. The program should use if-else statements to determine the appropriate letter grade based on typical grading ranges (e.g., "A" for grades between 90-100, "B" for grades between 80-89, and so on). After classification, display the calculated letter grade to the user.
Display Asterisks in a Row: Create a program that takes an integer value, W, as input and displays an asterisk (*) character W times in a single row. The program should use the value of W to determine how many asterisks to display consecutively in a row. Ensure that W is within the range of 0 < W < 80.
If the user enters W = 5, the program will display: ****
Display Asterisks in a Rectangle: Develop a program that takes two integer values, W and H, as input and displays an arrangement of asterisk (*) characters in a rectangle format with W columns and H rows. The program should use the values of W and H to determine the dimensions of the rectangle and fill it with asterisks accordingly. Ensure that W is within the range of 0 < W < 80 and H is within the range of 0 < H < 24.
If the user enters W = 4 and H = 3, the program will display:
****
****
****
Right-Angled Triangle Pattern: Create a program that displays a right-angled triangle pattern with a given height (H).
If the user enters H = 4, the program will display:
*
**
***
****
Right-Angled Triangle Pattern (Inverted): Develop a program to display an inverted right-angled triangle pattern with a given height (H).
If the user enters H = 4, the program will display:
****
***
**
*
Pyramid Pattern: Create a program that displays a pyramid pattern with a given height (H).
If the user enters H = 4, the program will display:
*
***
*****
*******
Hollow Triangle Pattern: Develop a program to print a hollow triangle pattern with a given height (H), like this:
If the user enters H = 5, the program will display:
*
**
* *
* *
*****
Number Triangle Pattern: Write a program that creates a number triangle pattern with a given height (H), for instance:
If the user enters H = 4, the program will display:
1
12
123
1234
Pascal's Triangle: Create a program to generate and display the first 'H' rows of Pascal's triangle, a mathematical pattern:
If the user enters H = 4, the program will display:
1
1 1
1 2 1
1 3 3 1
Floyd's Triangle: Develop a program to print Floyd's Triangle with 'H' rows, where each row contains consecutive numbers:
If the user enters H = 4, the program will display:
1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
Diamond Pattern: Create a program that displays a diamond pattern using asterisks (*) with a given height (H), like this:
If the user enters H = 3, the program will display:
*
***
*****
***
*
Hourglass Pattern: Write a program that prints an hourglass pattern with a given height (H), for example:
If the user enters H = 3, the program will display:
*****
***
*
*
***
*****
FizzBuzz: Write a program that iterates through a sequence of numbers (usually from 1 to N) and performs the following actions for each number:
Find Weekday: Develop a program that determines the weekday of a given date in the "dd/mm/yyyy" format. The program should take a date as input, including the day, month, and year, and calculate the corresponding weekday. It should account for leap years and provide the name of the weekday (e.g., "Monday," "Tuesday") for the provided date.
Suppose the user enters the date as follows: 15/11/2023.
The program should calculate that November 15, 2023, is a Wednesday and provide the result as:
The weekday for 15/11/2023 is Wednesday.
Calculator Functions: Build a simple calculator program that performs basic arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division). Organize the code by creating separate functions for each operation (e.g., add, subtract, multiply, divide). Call these functions to perform calculations based on user input.
To-Do List Functions: Create a to-do list application that allows users to add, view, and mark tasks as completed. Implement functions for adding tasks, displaying the list, and marking tasks as done. Utilize functions to keep the code organized and easily extendable.
Maximum Number in an Array: Write a program that finds and displays the maximum number in an array of integers. Implement an algorithm to iterate through the array and keep track of the maximum value found.
String Reversal: Create a program that takes a string as input and reverses the characters in the string. Develop an algorithm to rearrange the characters in reverse order, producing the reversed string.
Sorting Data: Implement a sorting algorithm to arrange a list of integers in ascending order. Develop a program that applies the ascending sorting to the given data and displays the sorted result.
Finding the Minimum Number in an Array: Write a program that finds and displays the minimum number in an array of integers.
String Palindrome Checker: Create a program that checks if a given string is a palindrome (reads the same forwards and backwards). Develop an algorithm that compares the characters of the string from both ends to determine if it's a palindrome.
Counting Occurrences in an Array: Develop a program that counts the occurrences of a specific element in an array. Implement an algorithm that iterates through the array and keeps track of how many times the element appears.
Finding the Mean (Average) of an Array: Write a program that calculates and displays the mean (average) of an array of numbers. Develop an algorithm to sum up the elements in the array and divide by the number of elements to find the mean.
Searching for an Element in an Array: Create a program that searches for a specific element in an array and returns its index if found. Implement an algorithm that iterates through the array to locate the desired element.
Counting Words in a String: Write a program that counts the number of words in a given string. Develop an algorithm that identifies word boundaries and counts the words in the string.
Factorial Calculation: Implement a program that calculates the factorial of a given integer (e.g., 5! = 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1). Develop an algorithm to perform the factorial calculation.
Square Root: Develop a function that calculates the square root of a positive number 'n' with a specified level of precision 'p'. The function should use the binary search method to approximate the square root to 'p' decimal places.
Find the Minimum Number. Link: https://www.hackerrank.com/contests/w30/challenges/find-the-minimum-number/problem
Guessing Game: Create a guessing game where the user has to guess a randomly generated number.
Prime or Not Implement a program that checks if a given number is prime or not.
Add Two Matrices of the Same Size: Create a program that adds two matrices of the same size. The user should input the dimensions (rows and columns) of the matrices and then provide the values for each element in both matrices. Your program should validate that the matrices have the same dimensions for addition and display the resulting matrix.
Multiply Two Matrices: Create a program that multiplies two matrices. The user should input the dimensions (rows and columns) of both matrices and provide the values for each element in both matrices. Your program should validate that the matrices have compatible dimensions for multiplication and display the resulting matrix.
Projects
Build an Interactive Arithmetic Learning Game for Schoolchildren
Console-Based Snake Game
How I'm Studying Data Structures & Algorithms (as self taught)
Algorithms Explained for Beginners - How I Wish I Was Taught
Data Structures and Algorithms in 15 Minutes
Data Structures Easy to Advanced Course - Full Tutorial from a Google Engineer
Practices:
Input:
nums = [8, 7, 2, 5, 3, 1]
target = 10
Output:
Pair found (8, 2)
or
Pair found (7, 3)
Input:
nums = [5, 2, 6, 8, 1, 9]
target = 12
Output: Pair not found
Projects:
HashTable that supports the following basic operations:
insert): Implement a method to insert a key-value pair into the hash table. If the key already exists, update the corresponding value.get): Implement a method to retrieve the value associated with a given key. If the key is not found, return a designated value indicating absence (e.g., None or null).delete): Implement a method to delete a key-value pair from the hash table based on the provided key.What is Linux?
What is Linux? - Linux Explained
Linux Directories Explained in 100 Seconds
Practices:
Top 20 Commands Every Linux User MUST KNOW
10 Linux Terminal Commands for Beginners
Basic Terminal Commands in Linux Ubuntu ( Ubuntu tutorial for Beginners )
Practices:
mkdir command to create a directory named 'foo' on the Desktop.cd and create a subdirectory named 'bar' using mkdir.mv command to rename the 'path.txt' file to 'pwd.txt' inside the 'bar' directory.mkdir.touch command to create three files named 'file1.c', 'file2.cpp', and 'file3.py'.cp command to copy all files from the 'tmp' directory to the 'bar' directory.rm command to remove the 'tmp' directory with its all contents.ls command with appropriate options to list all files (including hidden ones) in the 'bar' directory. Redirect the output to a new file named 'report.txt' using the > operator.grep command with the r option to search for all lines containing 'foo' or 'bar' recursively from the home directory.wget command to download the file from the specified URL(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dwyl/english-words/master/words.txt).grep command to search for the word 'john' from recently downloaded file(words.txt). Display the lines containing 'john' along with consecutive line numbers.Bash in 100 Seconds
Shell Scripting Crash Course - Beginner Level
Projects:
Generate Script from Command History with Progress Echo:
history.txt(the result of the previous practice tasks) into a shell script (script.sh) with added echo statements to display progress.history.txt(the result of the previous practice tasks) file and carefully review the commands.script.sh.history.txt into script.sh.echo statements before each command to provide visual progress indications.script.sh with added echo statements:
#!/bin/bash
# Displaying current progress
echo "Creating 'foo' directory on Desktop..."
mkdir ~/Desktop/foo
# Displaying current progress
echo "Creating 'bar' directory inside 'foo'..."
cd ~/Desktop/foo
mkdir bar
# Displaying current progress
echo "Creating 'path.txt' and inserting absolute path..."
echo "$(cd ~/Desktop/foo/bar && pwd)" > path.txt
# (Repeat for each command)
# Displaying final progress
echo "Script execution completed!"script.sh file to a Desktop folder.script.sh.chmod +x script.sh../script.sh.echo statements help visualize the execution progress of each command.Captures screenshots of your screen
# User input for time interval
Enter the time interval for taking screenshots (in seconds): 60
# Script output during execution
Creating folder: screenshot data
Creating folder: 2022-03-28
Capturing screenshot: Screen Shot 2022-03-28 at 17.48.06.jpg
Capturing screenshot: Screen Shot 2022-03-28 at 17.49.06.jpg
...screenshot.sh.chmod +x screenshot.sh../screenshot.sh.Git & GitHub Crash Course For Beginners
Git and GitHub Tutorial for Beginners
Git Tutorial for Beginners: Command-Line Fundamentals
Git and GitHub for Beginners - Crash Course
Projects:
Install Git: Install Git on your computer.
Configure Git: Set up your Git username and email.
Create a Local Repository:
git initAdd and Commit Changes: Add files to the staging area and commit changes to the repository.
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"View Repository Status: Check the status of your repository.
git statusCreate README.md: Create a README.md file for your project.
Write about yourself in README.md: Write about yourself
Decorate README.md: Enhance the aesthetics of the README.md file by adding formatting, headers, bullet points, or any other elements that improve readability.
Commit Changes: Use Git to stage and commit the changes made to the README.md file.
Write Meaningful Commit Message: Provide a descriptive and meaningful commit message that summarizes the purpose of the commit.
View Commit History: View the commit history of your repository.
git logCreate a GitHub Account:
Create a Remote Repository on GitHub:
Connect Local Repository to GitHub:
git remote add origin <repository_url>
git branch -M main
git push -u origin mainClone a Repository:
git clone <repository_url>Create a Branch:
git branch <branch_name>
git checkout <branch_name>Switch Between Branches:
git checkout <branch_name>Merge Branches:
git checkout <target_branch>
git merge <source_branch>Resolve Merge Conflicts:
Pull Changes from Remote:
git pull origin mainPush Changes to Remote:
git push origin <branch_name>Create and Apply Pull Requests:
Fork a Repository:
Clone and Contribute to Forked Repository:
git clone <forked_repository_url>
# Make changes
git add .
git commit -m "Description of changes"
git push origin <branch_name>Review and Merge Pull Requests:
Computer Science Foundation Roadmap © 2023 by Saidamir Botirov is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
