使用java操作elasticsearch的具體方法

系統環境: vm12 下的centos 7.2

當前安裝版本: elasticsearch-2.4.0.tar.gz

Java操作es集群步驟1：配置集群對象信息；2：創建客戶端；3：查看集群信息

1：集群名稱

默認集群名為elasticsearch，如果集群名稱和指定的不一致則在使用節點資源時會報錯。

2：嗅探功能

通過client.transport.sniff啟動嗅探功能，這樣只需要指定集群中的某一個節點(不一定是主節點)，然後會加載集群中的其他節點，這樣只要程序不停即使此節點宕機仍然可以連接到其他節點。

3：查詢類型SearchType.QUERY_THEN_FETCH

es 查詢共有4種查詢類型

QUERY_AND_FETCH:

主節點將查詢請求分發到所有的分片中，各個分片按照自己的查詢規則即詞頻文檔頻率進行打分排序，然後將結果返回給主節點，主節點對所有數據進行匯總排序然後再返回給客戶端，此種方式只需要和es交互一次。

這種查詢方式存在數據量和排序問題，主節點會匯總所有分片返回的數據這樣數據量會比較大，二是各個分片上的規則可能不一致。

QUERY_THEN_FETCH:

主節點將請求分發給所有分片，各個分片打分排序後將數據的id和分值返回給主節點，主節點收到後進行匯總排序再根據排序後的id到對應的節點讀取對應的數據再返回給客戶端，此種方式需要和es交互兩次。

這種方式解決了數據量問題但是排序問題依然存在而且是es的默認查詢方式

DEF_QUERY_AND_FETCH: 和DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH:

將各個分片的規則統一起來進行打分。解決了排序問題但是DFS_QUERY_AND_FETCH仍然存在數據量問題，DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH兩種噢乖你問題都解決但是效率是最差的。

1, 獲取client, 兩種方式獲取

@Before public void before() throws Exception { Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); map.put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk"); Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder().put(map); client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build() .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), Integer.parseInt("9300"))); }

 @Before public void before11() throws Exception { // 創建客戶端, 使用的默認集群名, "elasticSearch"// client = TransportClient.builder().build()// .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), 9300)); // 通過setting對象指定集群配置信息, 配置的集群名Settings settings = Settings.settingsBuilder().put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk") // 設置集群名// .put("client.transport.sniff", true) // 開啟嗅探, 開啟後會一直連接不上, 原因未知// .put("network.host", "192.168.50.37") .put("client.transport.ignore_cluster_name", true) // 忽略集群名字驗證, 打開後集群名字不對也能連接上// .put("client.transport.nodes_sampler_interval", 5) //報錯,// .put("client.transport.ping_timeout", 5) // 報錯, ping等待時間, .build(); client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build() .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.50.37", 9300))); // 默認5s // 多久打開連接, 默認5s System.out.println("success connect"); }

PS: 官網給的2種方式都不能用, 需要合起來才能用, 浪費老子一下午...

其他參數的意義:

代碼:

 package com.wenbronk.javaes;import java.net.InetAddress;import java.net.InetSocketAddress;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BackoffPolicy;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor.Listener;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteRequest;import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.get.MultiGetItemResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.get.MultiGetResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateRequest;import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;import org.elasticsearch.cluster.node.DiscoveryNode;import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeUnit;import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeValue;import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;import org.elasticsearch.script.Script;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;/** * 使用java API操作elasticSearch * * @author 231 * */public class JavaESTest { private TransportClient client; private IndexRequest source; /** * 獲取連接, 第一種方式* @throws Exception */// @Before public void before() throws Exception { Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); map.put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk"); Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder().put(map); client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build() .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), Integer.parseInt("9300"))); }/** * 查看集群信息*/ @Test public void testInfo() { List<DiscoveryNode> nodes = client.connectedNodes(); for (DiscoveryNode node : nodes) { System.out.println(node.getHostAddress()); } } /** * 組織json串, 方式1,直接拼接*/ public String createJson1() { String json = "{" + "/"user/":/"kimchy/"," + "/"postDate/":/"2013-01-30/"," + "/"message/":/"trying out Elasticsearch/"" + "}"; return json; } /** * 使用map創建json */ public Map<String, Object> createJson2() { Map<String,Object> json = new HashMap<String, Object>(); json.put("user", "kimchy"); json.put("postDate", new Date()); json.put("message", "trying out elasticsearch"); return json; } /** * 使用fastjson創建*/ public JSONObject createJson3() { JSONObject json = new JSONObject(); json.put("user", "kimchy"); json.put("postDate", new Date()); json.put("message", "trying out elasticsearch"); return json; } /** * 使用es的幫助類*/ public XContentBuilder createJson4() throws Exception { // 創建json對象, 其中一個創建json的方式XContentBuilder source = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder() .startObject() .field("user", "kimchy") .field("postDate", new Date()) .field("message", "trying to out ElasticSearch") .endObject(); return source; } /** * 存入索引中* @throws Exception */ @Test public void test1() throws Exception { XContentBuilder source = createJson4(); // 存json入索引中IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1").setSource(source).get();// // 結果獲取String index = response.getIndex(); String type = response.getType(); String id = response.getId(); long version = response.getVersion(); boolean created = response.isCreated(); System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version + ": " + created); } /** * get API 獲取指定文檔信息*/ @Test public void testGet() {// GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("twitter", "tweet", "1")// .get(); GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("twitter", "tweet", "1") .setOperationThreaded(false) // 線程安全.get(); System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString()); } /** * 測試delete api */ @Test public void testDelete() { DeleteResponse response = client.prepareDelete("twitter", "tweet", "1") .get(); String index = response.getIndex(); String type = response.getType(); String id = response.getId(); long version = response.getVersion(); System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version); } /** * 測試更新update API * 使用updateRequest 對象* @throws Exception */ @Test public void testUpdate() throws Exception { UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest(); updateRequest.index("twitter"); updateRequest.type("tweet"); updateRequest.id("1"); updateRequest.doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder() .startObject() // 對沒有的字段添加, 對已有的字段替換.field("gender", "male") .field("message", "hello") .endObject()); UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get(); // 打印String index = response.getIndex(); String type = response.getType(); String id = response.getId(); long version = response.getVersion(); System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version); } /** * 測試update api, 使用client * @throws Exception */ @Test public void testUpdate2() throws Exception { // 使用Script對象進行更新// UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("twitter", "tweet", "1")// .setScript(new Script("hits._source.gender = /"male/""))// .get(); // 使用XContFactory.jsonBuilder() 進行更新// UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("twitter", "tweet", "1")// .setDoc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()// .startObject()// .field("gender", "malelelele")// .endObject()).get(); // 使用updateRequest對象及script// UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")// .script(new Script("ctx._source.gender=/"male/""));// UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get(); // 使用updateRequest對象及documents進行更新UpdateResponse response = client.update(new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1") .doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder() .startObject() .field("gender", "male") .endObject() )).get(); System.out.println(response.getIndex()); } /** * 測試update * 使用updateRequest * @throws Exception * @throws InterruptedException */ @Test public void testUpdate3() throws InterruptedException, Exception { UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1") .script(new Script("ctx._source.gender=/"male/"")); UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get(); } /** * 測試upsert方法* @throws Exception * */ @Test public void testUpsert() throws Exception { // 設置查詢條件, 查找不到則添加生效IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2") .source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder() .startObject() .field("name", "214") .field("gender", "gfrerq") .endObject()); // 設置更新, 查找到更新下面的設置UpdateRequest upsert = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2") .doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder() .startObject() .field("user", "wenbronk") .endObject()) .upsert(indexRequest); client.update(upsert).get(); } /** * 測試multi get api * 從不同的index, type, 和id中獲取*/ @Test public void testMultiGet() { MultiGetResponse multiGetResponse = client.prepareMultiGet() .add("twitter", "tweet", "1") .add("twitter", "tweet", "2", "3", "4") .add("anothoer", "type", "foo") .get(); for (MultiGetItemResponse itemResponse : multiGetResponse) { GetResponse response = itemResponse.getResponse(); if (response.isExists()) { String sourceAsString = response.getSourceAsString(); System.out.println(sourceAsString); } } } /** * bulk 批量執行* 一次查詢可以update 或delete多個document */ @Test public void testBulk() throws Exception { BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = client.prepareBulk(); bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1") .setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder() .startObject() .field("user", "kimchy") .field("postDate", new Date()) .field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch") .endObject())); bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "2") .setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder() .startObject() .field("user", "kimchy") .field("postDate", new Date()) .field("message", "another post") .endObject())); BulkResponse response = bulkRequest.get(); System.out.println(response.getHeaders()); } /** * 使用bulk processor * @throws Exception */ @Test public void testBulkProcessor() throws Exception { // 創建BulkPorcessor對象BulkProcessor bulkProcessor = BulkProcessor.builder(client, new Listener() { public void beforeBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } // 執行出錯時執行public void afterBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest, Throwable paramThrowable) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public void afterBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest, BulkResponse paramBulkResponse) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } }) // 1w次請求執行一次bulk .setBulkActions(10000) // 1gb的數據刷新一次bulk .setBulkSize(new ByteSizeValue(1, ByteSizeUnit.GB)) // 固定5s必須刷新一次.setFlushInterval(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(5)) // 並發請求數量, 0不並發, 1並發允許執行.setConcurrentRequests(1) // 設置退避, 100ms後執行, 最大請求3次.setBackoffPolicy( BackoffPolicy.exponentialBackoff(TimeValue.timeValueMillis(100), 3)) .build(); // 添加單次請求bulkProcessor.add(new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")); bulkProcessor.add(new DeleteRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2")); // 關閉bulkProcessor.awaitClose(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES); // 或者bulkProcessor.close(); }}

tes2代碼:

 package com.wenbronk.javaes;import java.net.InetSocketAddress;import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.xml.FilterBuilderFactory;import org.elasticsearch.action.search.MultiSearchResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequestBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchType;import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.Builder;import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.Aggregation;import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.AggregationBuilders;import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.bucket.histogram.DateHistogramInterval;import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortOrder;import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortParseElement;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;/** * 使用java API操作elasticSearch * search API * @author 231 * */public class JavaESTest2 { private TransportClient client; /** * 獲取client對象*/ @Before public void testBefore() { Builder builder = Settings.settingsBuilder(); builder.put("cluster.name", "wenbronk_escluster");// .put("client.transport.ignore_cluster_name", true); Settings settings = builder.build(); org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient.Builder transportBuild = TransportClient.builder(); TransportClient client1 = transportBuild.settings(settings).build(); client = client1.addTransportAddress((new InetSocketTransportAddress(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.50.37", 9300)))); System.out.println("success connect to escluster"); } /** * 測試查詢*/ @Test public void testSearch() {// SearchRequestBuilder searchRequestBuilder = client.prepareSearch("twitter", "tweet", "1");// SearchResponse response = searchRequestBuilder.setTypes("type1", "type2")// .setSearchType(SearchType.DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH)// .setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("user", "test"))// .setPostFilter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(0).to(1))// .setFrom(0).setSize(2).setExplain(true)// .execute().actionGet(); SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch() .execute().actionGet();// SearchHits hits = response.getHits();// for (SearchHit searchHit : hits) {// for(Iterator<SearchHitField> iterator = searchHit.iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {// SearchHitField next = iterator.next();// System.out.println(next.getValues());// }// } System.out.println(response); } /** * 測試scroll api * 對大量數據的處理更有效*/ @Test public void testScrolls() { QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("twitter", "tweet"); SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter") .addSort(SortParseElement.DOC_FIELD_NAME, SortOrder.ASC) .setScroll(new TimeValue(60000)) .setQuery(queryBuilder) .setSize(100).execute().actionGet(); while(true) { for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits().getHits()) { System.out.println("i am coming"); } SearchResponse response2 = client.prepareSearchScroll(response.getScrollId()) .setScroll(new TimeValue(60000)).execute().actionGet(); if (response2.getHits().getHits().length == 0) { System.out.println("oh no====="); break; } } } /** * 測試multiSearch */ @Test public void testMultiSearch() { QueryBuilder qb1 = QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("elasticsearch"); SearchRequestBuilder requestBuilder1 = client.prepareSearch().setQuery(qb1).setSize(1); QueryBuilder qb2 = QueryBuilders.matchQuery("user", "kimchy"); SearchRequestBuilder requestBuilder2 = client.prepareSearch().setQuery(qb2).setSize(1); MultiSearchResponse multiResponse = client.prepareMultiSearch().add(requestBuilder1).add(requestBuilder2) .execute().actionGet(); long nbHits = 0; for (MultiSearchResponse.Item item : multiResponse.getResponses()) { SearchResponse response = item.getResponse(); nbHits = response.getHits().getTotalHits(); SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits(); System.out.println(nbHits); } } /** * 測試聚合查詢*/ @Test public void testAggregation() { SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch() .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()) // 先使用query過濾掉一部分.addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.terms("term").field("user")) .addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.dateHistogram("agg2").field("birth") .interval(DateHistogramInterval.YEAR)) .execute().actionGet(); Aggregation aggregation2 = response.getAggregations().get("term"); Aggregation aggregation = response.getAggregations().get("agg2");// SearchResponse response2 = client.search(new SearchRequest().searchType(SearchType.QUERY_AND_FETCH)).actionGet(); } /** * 測試terminate */ @Test public void testTerminateAfter() { SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter").setTerminateAfter(1000).get(); if (response.isTerminatedEarly()) { System.out.println("ternimate"); } } /** * 過濾查詢: 大於gt, 小於lt, 小於等於lte, 大於等於gte */ @Test public void testFilter() { SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter") .setTypes("") .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()) //查詢所有.setSearchType(SearchType.QUERY_THEN_FETCH) // .setPostFilter(FilterBuilders.rangeFilter("age").from(0).to(19) // .includeLower(true).includeUpper(true)) // .setPostFilter(FilterBuilderFactory .rangeFilter("age").gte(18).lte(22)) .setExplain(true) //explain為true表示根據數據相關度排序，和關鍵字匹配最高的排在前面.get(); } /** * 分組查詢*/ @Test public void testGroupBy() { client.prepareSearch("twitter").setTypes("tweet") .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()) .setSearchType(SearchType.QUERY_THEN_FETCH) .addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.terms("user") .field("user").size(0) // 根據user進行分組// size(0) 也是10 ).get(); } }

以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持武林網。