近來複習數據結構，自己動手實現了棧。棧是一種限制插入和刪除只能在一個位置上的表。最基本的操作是進棧和出棧，因此，又被叫作“先進後出”表。
首先了解下棧的概念：
棧是限定僅在表頭進行插入和刪除操作的線性表。有時又叫LIFO（後進先出表）。要搞清楚這個概念，首先要明白”棧“原來的意思，如此才能把握本質。
"棧“者,存儲貨物或供旅客住宿的地方,可引申為倉庫、中轉站，所以引入到計算機領域裡，就是指數據暫時存儲的地方，所以才有進棧、出棧的說法。
實現方式是這樣的：首先定義了一個接口，然後通過這個接口實現了線性棧和鍊式棧，代碼比較簡單，如下：
package com.peter.java.dsa.interfaces;/** * 棧操作定義* * @author Peter Pan */public interface Stack<T> {/* 判空*/Boolean isEmpty();/* 清空棧*/void clear();/* 彈棧*/T pop();/* 入棧*/Boolean push(T data);/* 棧的長度*/int length();/* 查看棧頂的元素，但不移除它*/T peek();/* 返回對像在棧中的位置*/int search(T data);}線性棧：以數組的方式實現。
package com.peter.java.dsa.common;import com.peter.java.dsa.interfaces.Stack;/** * 線性棧* * @author Peter Pan */public class LinearStack<T> implements Stack<T> {@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private T[] t = (T[]) new Object[16];private int size = 0;@Override public Boolean isEmpty() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn size == 0;}@Override public void clear() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubfor (int i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {t[i] = null;}size = 0;}@Override public T pop() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif (size == 0) {return null;}T tmp = t[size - 1];t[size - 1] = null;size--;return tmp;}@Override public Boolean push(T data) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif (size >= t.length) {resize();}t[size++] = data;return true;}@Override public int length() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn size;}@Override public T peek() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif (size == 0) {return null;} else {return t[size - 1];}}/* return index of data, return -1 if no data */@Override public int search(T data) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubint index = -1;for (int i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {if (t[i].equals(data)) {index = i;break;}}return index;}@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private void resize() {T[] tmp = (T[]) new Object[t.length * 2];for (int i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {tmp[i] = t[i];t[i] = null;}t = tmp;tmp = null;}/* from the left to the right is from the top to the bottom of the stack */@Override public String toString() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubStringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();buffer.append("Linear Stack Content:[");for (int i = t.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {buffer.append(t[i].toString() + ",");}buffer.append("]");buffer.replace(buffer.lastIndexOf(","), buffer.lastIndexOf(",") + 1, "");return buffer.toString();}}鍊式棧：通過單鍊錶進行實現。
package com.peter.java.dsa.common;import com.peter.java.dsa.interfaces.Stack;public class LinkedStack<T> implements Stack<T> {private Node top;private int size;@Override public Boolean isEmpty() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn size == 0;}@Override public void clear() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtop = null;size = 0;}@Override public T pop() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubT topValue = null;if (top != null) {topValue = top.data;Node oldTop = top;top = top.prev;oldTop.prev = null;size--;}return topValue;}@Override public Boolean push(T data) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubNode oldTop = top;top = new Node(data);top.prev = oldTop;size++;return true;}@Override public int length() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn size;}@Override public T peek() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubT topValue = null;if (top != null) {topValue = top.data;}return topValue;}@Override public int search(T data) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubint index = -1;Node tmp = top;for (int i = size - 1; i > -1; i--) {if (tmp.data.equals(data)) {index = i;break;} else {tmp = tmp.prev;}}tmp = null;return index;}@Override public String toString() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubStringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();buffer.append("Linked Stack Content:[");Node tmp = top;for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {buffer.append(tmp.toString() + ",");tmp = tmp.prev;}tmp = null;buffer.append("]");buffer.replace(buffer.lastIndexOf(","), buffer.lastIndexOf(",") + 1, "");return super.toString();}private class Node {T data;Node prev;public Node(T data) {// TODO Auto-generated constructor stubthis.data = data;}}}學習還在進行中，以後會繼續更新代碼。
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