本文介紹了Maven工程搭建spring boot+spring mvc+JPA的示例，分享給大家，具體如下：
添加Spring boot支持，引入相關包：
1、maven工程，少不了pom.xml，spring boot的引入可參考官網：
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope><!-- 編譯需要而發布不需要的jar包--> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--jpa的jar包，操作數據庫的--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> <!--mysql驅動--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <!-- shiro ehcache --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>repackage</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> <finalName>name</finalName> </build>
2、以上代碼引入了spring boot。 spring mvc 和jpa，以及mysql數據庫的驅動jar；
編寫啟動類，並加裝配置文件：
1、啟動類如下：
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaAuditing;import java.io.IOException;import com.my.config.CommonProperties;@SpringBootApplication@EnableAutoConfiguration@EnableJpaAuditingpublic class Application { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{ String loc = CommonProperties.loadProperties2System(System.getProperty("spring.config.location")); System.getProperties().setProperty("application.version", CommonProperties.getVersion(Application.class)); System.getProperties().setProperty("app.home", loc + "/.."); SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }2、配置文件的位置放到classpath外邊，方便在不重新打包的情況下修改，spring boot工程一般都打成jar包：
import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Properties;import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;public final class CommonProperties { public static final String PPT_KEY_APP_HOME = "app.home"; public static final String DEFAULT_APP_HOME = "./"; public static final String getAppHome() { return System.getProperty("./", "./"); } public static String loadProperties2System(String location) throws IOException { String configLocation = location; File cnf; if (!StringUtils.hasLength(location)) { configLocation = "./config"; cnf = new File(configLocation); if (!cnf.exists() || !cnf.isDirectory()) { configLocation = "../config"; cnf = new File(configLocation); } } else { cnf = new File(location); } File[] arg2 = cnf.listFiles(); int arg3 = arg2.length; for (int arg4 = 0; arg4 < arg3; ++arg4) { File file = arg2[arg4]; if (file.isFile() && file.getName().endsWith(".properties")) { Properties ppt = new Properties(); FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(file); Throwable arg8 = null; try { ppt.load(fi); System.getProperties().putAll(ppt); } catch (Throwable arg17) { arg8 = arg17; throw arg17; } finally { if (fi != null) { if (arg8 != null) { try { fi.close(); } catch (Throwable arg16) { arg8.addSuppressed(arg16); } } else { fi.close(); } } } } } return configLocation; } public static String getVersion(Class<?> clazz) { Package pkg = clazz.getPackage(); String ver = pkg != null ? pkg.getImplementationVersion() : "undefined"; return ver == null ? "undefined" : ver; }將配置文件放到jar包同級目錄的config文件夾下，包括日誌配置，application.yml文件,其他配置文件等；
編寫自動配置類
用於掃描compan* ,代替spring mvc的spring.xml配置文件：
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.my.rs", "com.my.service", "com.my.repository"})public class AppAutoConfiguration {}import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpMessageConverters;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;/** * 預配置* */@Configurationpublic class MyConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{ @Bean public HttpMessageConverters customConverters() { return new HttpMessageConverters(); } @Override public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) { //registry.addResourceHandler("/**") // .addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/**"); }編寫rs,service,repository
package com.my.rs;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import com.my.entity.User;@RequestMapping({"/api/user"})public interface UserRS { @RequestMapping(value="/add",method={RequestMethod.POST}) @ResponseBody public User saveUser(@RequestBody User user); @RequestMapping(value="/update",method={RequestMethod.POST}) @ResponseBody public User updateUser(@RequestBody User user); @RequestMapping(value="/delete",method={RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.DELETE}) public void deleteUser(@RequestParam String[] userIds); @RequestMapping(value="/get",method={RequestMethod.GET}) @ResponseBody public User getUser(@RequestParam String userId); @RequestMapping(value="/query/all",method={RequestMethod.GET}) public List<User> queryAll(); @RequestMapping(value="/query/byName",method={RequestMethod.GET}) public List<User> queryByName(@RequestParam String name); @RequestMapping(value="/query/byParentId",method={RequestMethod.GET}) public List<User> queryChildren(@RequestParam String parentId); //無參數分頁查詢@RequestMapping(value="/query/page",method={RequestMethod.GET}) public List<User> queryByPage(@RequestParam int pageNo, @RequestParam int pageSize, @RequestBody(required=false) User user);} package com.my.rs.impl;import java.util.List;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import com.my.entity.User;import com.my.rs.UserRS;import com.my.service.UserService;@RestControllerpublic class UserRSImpl implements UserRS{ public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserRSImpl.class); @Autowired UserService _userService; @Override public User saveUser(@RequestBody User user){ try { return _userService.save(user); } catch (Throwable e) { logger.error(e.getMessage(),e); throw e; } } @Override public User updateUser(@RequestBody User user) { return _userService.update(user); } @Override public void deleteUser(String[] userIds) { for (String userId : userIds) { _userService.deleteById(userId); } } @Override public List<User> queryAll() { return _userService.queryAll(); } @Override public List<User> queryByName(String name) { return _userService.findByName(name); } @Override public List<User> queryChildren(String parentId) { return _userService.findByParentId(parentId); } @Override public User getUser(String userId) { return _userService.findById(userId); } @Override public List<User> queryByPage(int pageNo, int pageSize, User user) { return null; } } package com.my.service;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import com.my.entity.User;import com.my.repository.UserRepository;@Servicepublic class UserService extends BaseService<User>{ @Autowired UserRepository _userRepository; public List<User> findByName(String name){ return _userRepository.findByName(name); } public List<User> findByParentId(String parentId){ return _userRepository.findByParentId(parentId); } } package com.my.repository;import java.util.List;import com.my.entity.User;public interface UserRepository extends BaseRepository<User>{ List<User> findByName(String name); List<User> findByParentId(String parentId);}以上採用了分層模式，有點繁瑣，但是對之後修改每層的業務邏輯比較方便
JPA相關的類如下：
package com.my.service;import java.io.Serializable;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;import javax.transaction.Transactional;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import com.my.repository.BaseRepository;/** * 一些共有的方法放這裡* */@Transactionalpublic class BaseService<E extends Serializable> { @Autowired BaseRepository<E> _baseRepository; @Autowired EntityManager em; public E save(E baseUnit){ return _baseRepository.saveAndFlush(baseUnit); } public E update(E baseUnit){ return _baseRepository.saveAndFlush(baseUnit); } public void deleteById(String id) { _baseRepository.delete(id); } public java.util.List<E> queryAll(){ return _baseRepository.findAll(); } public E findById(String id){ return _baseRepository.getOne(id); }} package com.my.repository;import java.io.Serializable;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;@NoRepositoryBeanpublic interface BaseRepository<E> extends JpaRepository<E, Serializable>{}實體類：與數據庫字段相關，需要注意下父類中的註解@MappedSuperclass
package com.my.entity;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;import org.hibernate.annotations.DynamicInsert;import org.hibernate.annotations.DynamicUpdate;import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;@Entity(name = "db_user")@DynamicInsert@DynamicUpdatepublic class User extends BaseUnit { /** * 賬戶狀態*/ public static enum AccountStatus { /** * 正常*/ Enable, // /** * 停用*/ Disable } private static final long serialVersionUID = -3101319619397064425L; private String password; private String salt; /** 賬戶狀態*/ private AccountStatus status; /** 認證郵箱*/ @Email(message = "User.email屬性必須符合郵箱格式") private String email; /** 移動電話號碼*/ private String mobileNo; /** 身份證號碼*/ private String cardId; @ManyToMany(targetEntity=Role.class) private List<String> roleIds; /** 暱稱。可選。 */ private String nickName; public String getCardId() { return cardId; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public String getMobileNo() { return mobileNo; } public String getNickName() { return nickName; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public List<String> getRoleIds() { if (roleIds == null) { roleIds = new ArrayList<>(); } return roleIds; } public String getSalt() { return salt; } public AccountStatus getStatus() { return status; } public void setCardId(String cardId) { this.cardId = cardId; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public void setMobileNo(String mobileNo) { this.mobileNo = mobileNo; } public void setNickName(String nickName) { this.nickName = nickName; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public void setRoleIds(List<String> roleIds) { this.roleIds = roleIds; } public void setSalt(String salt) { this.salt = salt; } public void setStatus(AccountStatus status) { this.status = status; }} package com.my.entity;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.MappedSuperclass;import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;import javax.validation.constraints.Size;import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedBy;import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedBy;import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;@MappedSuperclasspublic class BaseUnit implements Serializable { @Id @NotNull public String id; /** * 父單元ID */ @Size(max = 32, message = "BaseUnit.parentId屬性長度不能大於32") public String parentId; /** 父單元的類型*/ public ParentType parentType; /** * 單元的名稱*/ @NotNull(message = "BaseUnit.name屬性不能為空") public String name; @CreatedBy public String createBy; @CreatedDate public Date createDate; @LastModifiedBy public String lastModifiedBy; /** * 最後更新日期*/ @LastModifiedDate public Date lastModifiedDate; public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } /** * 獲取單元的名稱* * @return 必填*/ public String getName() { return name; } /** * * * @return UUID，不含{}和- */ public String getParentId() { return parentId; } public ParentType getParentType() { return parentType; } public String getStationId() { return stationId; } public String getThumbnailId() { return thumbnailId; } public String getCreateBy() { return createBy; } public void setCreateBy(String createBy) { this.createBy = createBy; } public Date getCreateDate() { return createDate; } public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) { this.createDate = createDate; } /** * 設置單元的名稱* * @param name * 必填*/ public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } /** * 設置父單元ID * * @param parentId * UUID，不含{}和- */ public void setParentId(String parentId) { this.parentId = parentId; } public String getLastModifiedBy() { return lastModifiedBy; } public void setLastModifiedBy(String lastModifiedBy) { this.lastModifiedBy = lastModifiedBy; } public Date getLastModifiedDate() { return lastModifiedDate; } public void setLastModifiedDate(Date lastModifiedDate) { this.lastModifiedDate = lastModifiedDate; }}配置文件：
server: port: 16800 contextPath: / logging: config: ./config/logback.xml spring: http: multipart: enabled: false datasource: url : jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/db?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 username : root password : 123456 driverClassName : com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jpa: database : MYSQL show-sql : true hibernate: ddl-auto : update jackson: serialization: INDENT_OUTPUT : true
#hibernate:配置了實體類維護數據庫表結構的具體行為，update表示當實體類的屬性發生變化時，表結構跟著更新，這裡我們也可以取值create，這個create表示啟動的時候刪除上一次生成的表，並根據實體類重新生成表，這個時候之前表中的數據就會被清空；還可以取值create-drop，這個表示啟動時根據實體類生成表，但是當sessionFactory關閉的時候表會被刪除；validate表示啟動時驗證實體類和數據表是否一致；none表示啥都不做。 #show-sql表示hibernate在操作的時候在控制台打印真實的sql語句#jackson表示格式化輸出的json字符串
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