詳解Java實現多種方式的http數據抓取

前言：

時下互聯網第一波的浪潮已消逝，隨著而來的基於萬千數據的物聯網時代，因而數據成為企業的重要戰略資源之一。基於數據抓取技術，本文介紹了java相關抓取工具，並附上demo源碼供感興趣的朋友測試！

1）JDK自帶HTTP連接，獲取頁面或Json

2） JDK自帶URL連接，獲取頁面或Json

3）HttpClient Get工具，獲取頁面或Json

4）commons-io工具，獲取頁面或Json

5） Jsoup工具（通常用於html字段解析），獲取頁面,非Json返回格式】

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

完整代碼：

 package com.yeezhao.common.http;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpMethod;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;import org.jsoup.Jsoup;/** * http工具對比* * @author Administrator -> junhong * * 2016年12月27日*/public class HttpFetchUtil { /** * 獲取訪問的狀態碼* @param request * @return * @throws Exception */ public static int getResponseCode(String request) throws Exception { URL url = new URL(request); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); return conn.getResponseCode(); } /** * 1）JDK自帶HTTP連接，獲取頁面或Json * @param request * @param charset * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String JDKFetch(String request, String charset) throws Exception { URL url = new URL(request); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //模擬瀏覽器參數conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36" + " (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/45.0.2454.101 Safari/537.36"); if (conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) { InputStream input = conn.getInputStream(); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input, charset)); String s; while ((s = reader.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(s + "/n"); } input.close(); conn.disconnect(); return sb.toString(); } return ""; } /** * 2） JDK自帶URL連接，獲取頁面或Json * @param request * @param charset * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String URLFetch(String request, String charset) throws Exception { URL url = new URL(request); return IOUtils.toString(url.openStream()); } /** * 3）HttpClient Get工具，獲取頁面或Json * @param url * @param charset * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String httpClientFetch(String url, String charset) throws Exception { // GET HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); httpClient.getParams().setContentCharset(charset); HttpMethod method = new GetMethod(url); httpClient.executeMethod(method); return method.getResponseBodyAsString(); } /** * 4）commons-io工具，獲取頁面或Json * @param url * @param charset * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String commonsIOFetch(String url, String charset) throws Exception { return IOUtils.toString(new URL(url), charset); } /** * 5） Jsoup工具（通常用於html字段解析），獲取頁面,非Json返回格式* @param url * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String jsoupFetch(String url) throws Exception { return Jsoup.parse(new URL(url), 2 * 1000).html(); }}

測試代碼：

 package com.yeezhao.common.http;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;/** * 測試類* 3個測試鏈接： * 1）百科網頁* 2）瀏覽器模擬獲取接口數據* 3）獲取普通接口數據* @author Administrator -> junhong * * 2016年12月27日*/public class HttpFetchUtilTest { String seeds[] = {"http://baike.baidu.com/view/1.htm","http://m.ximalaya.com/tracks/26096131.json","http://remyapi.yeezhao.com/api/query?wd=%E5%91%A8%E6%98%9F%E9%A9%B0%E7%9A%84%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1"}; final static String DEFAULT_CHARSET = "UTF-8"; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { } @After public void tearDown() throws Exception { System.out.println("--- down ---"); } @Test public void testGetResponseCode() throws Exception{ for(String seed:seeds){ int responseCode = HttpFetchUtil.getResponseCode(seed); System.out.println("ret="+responseCode); } } @Test public void testJDKFetch() throws Exception{ for(String seed:seeds){ String ret = HttpFetchUtil.JDKFetch(seed, DEFAULT_CHARSET); System.out.println("ret="+ret); } } @Test public void testURLFetch() throws Exception{ for(String seed:seeds){ String ret = HttpFetchUtil.URLFetch(seed, DEFAULT_CHARSET); System.out.println("ret="+ret); } } @Test public void testHttpClientFetch()throws Exception { for(String seed:seeds){ String ret = HttpFetchUtil.httpClientFetch(seed, DEFAULT_CHARSET); System.out.println("ret="+ret); } } @Test public void testCommonsIOFetch()throws Exception { for(String seed:seeds){ String ret = HttpFetchUtil.commonsIOFetch(seed, DEFAULT_CHARSET); System.out.println("ret="+ret); } } @Test public void testJsoupFetch() throws Exception{ for(String seed:seeds){ String ret = HttpFetchUtil.jsoupFetch(seed); System.out.println("ret="+ret); } }}

附：相關jar依賴

...<dependency><groupId>org.jsoup</groupId><artifactId>jsoup</artifactId><version>1.7.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId><artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId><version>3.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-io</groupId><artifactId>commons-io</artifactId><version>2.4</version></dependency>...

以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持武林網。