使用Java實現串口通信

本文實例為大家分享了Java實現串口通信的具體代碼，供大家參考，具體內容如下

1.介紹

使用Java實現的串口通信程序，支持十六進制數據的發送與接收。
源碼：SerialPortDemo

效果圖如下：

2.RXTXcomm

Java串口通信依賴的jar包RXTXcomm.jar
下載地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/kong_gu_you_lan/9611334

內含32位與64位版本使用方法：
拷貝RXTXcomm.jar 到JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext目錄中；
拷貝rxtxSerial.dll 到JAVA_HOME/jre/bin目錄中；
拷貝rxtxParallel.dll 到JAVA_HOME/jre/bin目錄中；
JAVA_HOME為jdk安裝路徑

3.串口通信管理

SerialPortManager實現了對串口通信的管理，包括查找可用端口、打開關閉串口、發送接收數據。

 package com.yang.serialport.manage;import gnu.io.CommPort;import gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier;import gnu.io.NoSuchPortException;import gnu.io.PortInUseException;import gnu.io.SerialPort;import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener;import gnu.io.UnsupportedCommOperationException;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Enumeration;import java.util.TooManyListenersException;import com.yang.serialport.exception.NoSuchPort;import com.yang.serialport.exception.NotASerialPort;import com.yang.serialport.exception.PortInUse;import com.yang.serialport.exception.ReadDataFromSerialPortFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SendDataToSerialPortFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortInputStreamCloseFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortParameterFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.TooManyListeners;/** * 串口管理* * @author yangle */public class SerialPortManager { /** * 查找所有可用端口* * @return 可用端口名稱列表*/ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static final ArrayList<String> findPort() { // 獲得當前所有可用串口Enumeration<CommPortIdentifier> portList = CommPortIdentifier .getPortIdentifiers(); ArrayList<String> portNameList = new ArrayList<String>(); // 將可用串口名添加到List並返回該List while (portList.hasMoreElements()) { String portName = portList.nextElement().getName(); portNameList.add(portName); } return portNameList; } /** * 打開串口* * @param portName * 端口名稱* @param baudrate * 波特率* @return 串口對象* @throws SerialPortParameterFailure * 設置串口參數失敗* @throws NotASerialPort * 端口指向設備不是串口類型* @throws NoSuchPort * 沒有該端口對應的串口設備* @throws PortInUse * 端口已被佔用*/ public static final SerialPort openPort(String portName, int baudrate) throws SerialPortParameterFailure, NotASerialPort, NoSuchPort, PortInUse { try { // 通過端口名識別端口CommPortIdentifier portIdentifier = CommPortIdentifier .getPortIdentifier(portName); // 打開端口，設置端口名與timeout（打開操作的超時時間） CommPort commPort = portIdentifier.open(portName, 2000); // 判斷是不是串口if (commPort instanceof SerialPort) { SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort) commPort; try { // 設置串口的波特率等參數serialPort.setSerialPortParams(baudrate, SerialPort.DATABITS_8, SerialPort.STOPBITS_1, SerialPort.PARITY_NONE); } catch (UnsupportedCommOperationException e) { throw new SerialPortParameterFailure(); } return serialPort; } else { // 不是串口throw new NotASerialPort(); } } catch (NoSuchPortException e1) { throw new NoSuchPort(); } catch (PortInUseException e2) { throw new PortInUse(); } } /** * 關閉串口* * @param serialport * 待關閉的串口對象*/ public static void closePort(SerialPort serialPort) { if (serialPort != null) { serialPort.close(); serialPort = null; } } /** * 向串口發送數據* * @param serialPort * 串口對象* @param order * 待發送數據* @throws SendDataToSerialPortFailure * 向串口發送數據失敗* @throws SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure * 關閉串口對象的輸出流出錯*/ public static void sendToPort(SerialPort serialPort, byte[] order) throws SendDataToSerialPortFailure, SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure { OutputStream out = null; try { out = serialPort.getOutputStream(); out.write(order); out.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new SendDataToSerialPortFailure(); } finally { try { if (out != null) { out.close(); out = null; } } catch (IOException e) { throw new SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure(); } } } /** * 從串口讀取數據* * @param serialPort * 當前已建立連接的SerialPort對象* @return 讀取到的數據* @throws ReadDataFromSerialPortFailure * 從串口讀取數據時出錯* @throws SerialPortInputStreamCloseFailure * 關閉串口對象輸入流出錯*/ public static byte[] readFromPort(SerialPort serialPort) throws ReadDataFromSerialPortFailure, SerialPortInputStreamCloseFailure { InputStream in = null; byte[] bytes = null; try { in = serialPort.getInputStream(); // 獲取buffer裡的數據長度int bufflenth = in.available(); while (bufflenth != 0) { // 初始化byte數組為buffer中數據的長度bytes = new byte[bufflenth]; in.read(bytes); bufflenth = in.available(); } } catch (IOException e) { throw new ReadDataFromSerialPortFailure(); } finally { try { if (in != null) { in.close(); in = null; } } catch (IOException e) { throw new SerialPortInputStreamCloseFailure(); } } return bytes; } /** * 添加監聽器* * @param port * 串口對象* @param listener * 串口監聽器* @throws TooManyListeners * 監聽類對象過多*/ public static void addListener(SerialPort port, SerialPortEventListener listener) throws TooManyListeners { try { // 給串口添加監聽器port.addEventListener(listener); // 設置當有數據到達時喚醒監聽接收線程port.notifyOnDataAvailable(true); // 設置當通信中斷時喚醒中斷線程port.notifyOnBreakInterrupt(true); } catch (TooManyListenersException e) { throw new TooManyListeners(); } }}

4.程序主窗口

/* * MainFrame.java * * Created on 2016.8.19 */package com.yang.serialport.ui;import gnu.io.SerialPort;import gnu.io.SerialPortEvent;import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;import java.awt.Point;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.util.List;import javax.swing.BorderFactory;import javax.swing.JButton;import javax.swing.JComboBox;import javax.swing.JFrame;import javax.swing.JLabel;import javax.swing.JPanel;import javax.swing.JScrollPane;import javax.swing.JTextArea;import javax.swing.JTextField;import com.yang.serialport.exception.NoSuchPort;import com.yang.serialport.exception.NotASerialPort;import com.yang.serialport.exception.PortInUse;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SendDataToSerialPortFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortParameterFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.TooManyListeners;import com.yang.serialport.manage.SerialPortManager;import com.yang.serialport.utils.ByteUtils;import com.yang.serialport.utils.ShowUtils;/** * 主界面* * @author yangle */public class MainFrame extends JFrame { /** * 程序界面寬度*/ public static final int WIDTH = 500; /** * 程序界面高度*/ public static final int HEIGHT = 360; private JTextArea dataView = new JTextArea(); private JScrollPane scrollDataView = new JScrollPane(dataView); // 串口設置面板private JPanel serialPortPanel = new JPanel(); private JLabel serialPortLabel = new JLabel("串口"); private JLabel baudrateLabel = new JLabel("波特率"); private JComboBox commChoice = new JComboBox(); private JComboBox baudrateChoice = new JComboBox(); // 操作面板private JPanel operatePanel = new JPanel(); private JTextField dataInput = new JTextField(); private JButton serialPortOperate = new JButton("打開串口"); private JButton sendData = new JButton("發送數據"); private List<String> commList = null; private SerialPort serialport; public MainFrame() { initView(); initComponents(); actionListener(); initData(); } private void initView() { // 關閉程序setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // 禁止窗口最大化setResizable(false); // 設置程序窗口居中顯示Point p = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment() .getCenterPoint(); setBounds(px - WIDTH / 2, py - HEIGHT / 2, WIDTH, HEIGHT); this.setLayout(null); setTitle("串口通訊"); } private void initComponents() { // 數據顯示dataView.setFocusable(false); scrollDataView.setBounds(10, 10, 475, 200); add(scrollDataView); // 串口設置serialPortPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("串口設置")); serialPortPanel.setBounds(10, 220, 170, 100); serialPortPanel.setLayout(null); add(serialPortPanel); serialPortLabel.setForeground(Color.gray); serialPortLabel.setBounds(10, 25, 40, 20); serialPortPanel.add(serialPortLabel); commChoice.setFocusable(false); commChoice.setBounds(60, 25, 100, 20); serialPortPanel.add(commChoice); baudrateLabel.setForeground(Color.gray); baudrateLabel.setBounds(10, 60, 40, 20); serialPortPanel.add(baudrateLabel); baudrateChoice.setFocusable(false); baudrateChoice.setBounds(60, 60, 100, 20); serialPortPanel.add(baudrateChoice); // 操作operatePanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("操作")); operatePanel.setBounds(200, 220, 285, 100); operatePanel.setLayout(null); add(operatePanel); dataInput.setBounds(25, 25, 235, 20); operatePanel.add(dataInput); serialPortOperate.setFocusable(false); serialPortOperate.setBounds(45, 60, 90, 20); operatePanel.add(serialPortOperate); sendData.setFocusable(false); sendData.setBounds(155, 60, 90, 20); operatePanel.add(sendData); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private void initData() { commList = SerialPortManager.findPort(); // 檢查是否有可用串口，有則加入選項中if (commList == null || commList.size() < 1) { ShowUtils.warningMessage("沒有搜索到有效串口！ "); } else { for (String s : commList) { commChoice.addItem(s); } } baudrateChoice.addItem("9600"); baudrateChoice.addItem("19200"); baudrateChoice.addItem("38400"); baudrateChoice.addItem("57600"); baudrateChoice.addItem("115200"); } private void actionListener() { serialPortOperate.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if ("打開串口".equals(serialPortOperate.getText()) && serialport == null) { openSerialPort(e); } else { closeSerialPort(e); } } }); sendData.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { sendData(e); } }); } /** * 打開串口* * @param evt * 點擊事件*/ private void openSerialPort(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { // 獲取串口名稱String commName = (String) commChoice.getSelectedItem(); // 獲取波特率int baudrate = 9600; String bps = (String) baudrateChoice.getSelectedItem(); baudrate = Integer.parseInt(bps); // 檢查串口名稱是否獲取正確if (commName == null || commName.equals("")) { ShowUtils.warningMessage("沒有搜索到有效串口！ "); } else { try { serialport = SerialPortManager.openPort(commName, baudrate); if (serialport != null) { dataView.setText("串口已打開" + "/r/n"); serialPortOperate.setText("關閉串口"); } } catch (SerialPortParameterFailure e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NotASerialPort e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchPort e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (PortInUse e) { e.printStackTrace(); ShowUtils.warningMessage("串口已被佔用！"); } } try { SerialPortManager.addListener(serialport, new SerialListener()); } catch (TooManyListeners e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 關閉串口* * @param evt * 點擊事件*/ private void closeSerialPort(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { SerialPortManager.closePort(serialport); dataView.setText("串口已關閉" + "/r/n"); serialPortOperate.setText("打開串口"); } /** * 發送數據* * @param evt * 點擊事件*/ private void sendData(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { // 輸入框直接輸入十六進製字符，長度必須是偶數String data = dataInput.getText().toString(); try { SerialPortManager.sendToPort(serialport, ByteUtils.hexStr2Byte(data)); } catch (SendDataToSerialPortFailure e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private class SerialListener implements SerialPortEventListener { /** * 處理監控到的串口事件*/ public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent serialPortEvent) { switch (serialPortEvent.getEventType()) { case SerialPortEvent.BI: // 10 通訊中斷ShowUtils.errorMessage("與串口設備通訊中斷"); break; case SerialPortEvent.OE: // 7 溢位（溢出）錯誤case SerialPortEvent.FE: // 9 幀錯誤case SerialPortEvent.PE: // 8 奇偶校驗錯誤case SerialPortEvent.CD: // 6 載波檢測case SerialPortEvent.CTS: // 3 清除待發送數據case SerialPortEvent.DSR: // 4 待發送數據準備好了case SerialPortEvent.RI: // 5 振鈴指示case SerialPortEvent.OUTPUT_BUFFER_EMPTY: // 2 輸出緩衝區已清空break; case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE: // 1 串口存在可用數據byte[] data = null; try { if (serialport == null) { ShowUtils.errorMessage("串口對象為空！監聽失敗！ "); } else { // 讀取串口數據data = SerialPortManager.readFromPort(serialport); dataView.append(ByteUtils.byteArrayToHexString(data, true) + "/r/n"); } } catch (Exception e) { ShowUtils.errorMessage(e.toString()); // 發生讀取錯誤時顯示錯誤信息後退出系統System.exit(0); } break; } } } public static void main(String args[]) { java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { new MainFrame().setVisible(true); } }); }}

5.寫在最後

源碼下載地址：SerialPortDemo

歡迎同學們吐槽評論，如果你覺得本篇博客對你有用，那麼就留個言或者頂一下吧(＾－＾)

感謝：基於Java編寫串口通信工具

以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持武林網。