利用ssh實現服務器文件上傳下載

通過ssh實現服務器文件上傳下載

寫在前面的話

之前記錄過一篇使用apache的FTP開源組件實現服務器文件上傳下載的方法，但是後來發現在刪除的時候會有些權限問題，導致無法刪除服務器上的文件。雖然在Windows上使用FileZilla Server設置讀寫權限後沒問題，但是在服務器端還是有些不好用。

因為自己需要實現資源管理功能，除了單文件的FastDFS存儲之外，一些特定資源的存儲還是打算暫時存放服務器上，項目組同事說後面不會專門在服務器上開FTP服務，於是改成了sftp方式進行操作。

這個東西要怎麼用

首先要去下載jsch jar包，地址是:http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/。網站上也寫的很清楚：JSch is a pure Java implementation of SSH2. 這個是SSH2的純Java實現。使用ip和端口，輸入用戶名密碼就可以正常使用了，和Secure CRT使用方式一致。那麼怎麼來使用這個有用的工具呢？

其實不會寫也沒關係，官方也給出了示例，鏈接：http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/examples/Shell.java，來看一眼吧：

 /* -*-mode:java; c-basic-offset:2; indent-tabs-mode:nil -*- *//** * This program enables you to connect to sshd server and get the shell prompt. * $ CLASSPATH=.:../build javac Shell.java * $ CLASSPATH=.:../build java Shell * You will be asked username, hostname and passwd. * If everything works fine, you will get the shell prompt. Output may * be ugly because of lacks of terminal-emulation, but you can issue commands. * */import com.jcraft.jsch.*;import java.awt.*;import javax.swing.*;public class Shell{ public static void main(String[] arg){ try{ JSch jsch=new JSch(); //jsch.setKnownHosts("/home/foo/.ssh/known_hosts"); String host=null; if(arg.length>0){ host=arg[0]; } else{ host=JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter username@hostname", System.getProperty("user.name")+ "@localhost"); } String user=host.substring(0, host.indexOf('@')); host=host.substring(host.indexOf('@')+1); Session session=jsch.getSession(user, host, 22); String passwd = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter password"); session.setPassword(passwd); UserInfo ui = new MyUserInfo(){ public void showMessage(String message){ JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, message); } public boolean promptYesNo(String message){ Object[] options={ "yes", "no" }; int foo=JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(null, message, "Warning", JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION, JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE, null, options, options[0]); return foo==0; } // If password is not given before the invocation of Session#connect(), // implement also following methods, // * UserInfo#getPassword(), // * UserInfo#promptPassword(String message) and // * UIKeyboardInteractive#promptKeyboardInteractive() }; session.setUserInfo(ui); // It must not be recommended, but if you want to skip host-key check, // invoke following, // session.setConfig("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no"); //session.connect(); session.connect(30000); // making a connection with timeout. Channel channel=session.openChannel("shell"); // Enable agent-forwarding. //((ChannelShell)channel).setAgentForwarding(true); channel.setInputStream(System.in); /* // a hack for MS-DOS prompt on Windows. channel.setInputStream(new FilterInputStream(System.in){ public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len)throws IOException{ return in.read(b, off, (len>1024?1024:len)); } }); */ channel.setOutputStream(System.out); /* // Choose the pty-type "vt102". ((ChannelShell)channel).setPtyType("vt102"); */ /* // Set environment variable "LANG" as "ja_JP.eucJP". ((ChannelShell)channel).setEnv("LANG", "ja_JP.eucJP"); */ //channel.connect(); channel.connect(3*1000); } catch(Exception e){ System.out.println(e); } } public static abstract class MyUserInfo implements UserInfo, UIKeyboardInteractive{ public String getPassword(){ return null; } public boolean promptYesNo(String str){ return false; } public String getPassphrase(){ return null; } public boolean promptPassphrase(String message){ return false; } public boolean promptPassword(String message){ return false; } public void showMessage(String message){ } public String[] promptKeyboardInteractive(String destination, String name, String instruction, String[] prompt, boolean[] echo){ return null; } }}

在這個代碼中，我們基本上能看到需要的東西，首先我們要創建用戶信息，這個主要是給認證的時候用的，只要實現UserInfo, UIKeyboardInteractive這兩個接口就好了，然後通過創建session會話，將userInfo設置進去，最後進行連接即可。

封裝文件上傳下載

上面是Jsch的基本使用方法，也就是些基本套路。下面我們來自己封裝一下自己要使用的功能，實現文件的上傳下載等一系列操作。

首先，也來創建個UserInfo：

 public class MyUserInfo implements UserInfo, UIKeyboardInteractive{ public String getPassword(){ return null; } public boolean promptYesNo(String str){ return true; } public String getPassphrase(){ return null; } public boolean promptPassphrase(String message){ return true; } public boolean promptPassword(String message){ return true; } public void showMessage(String message){ } @Override public String[] promptKeyboardInteractive(String arg0, String arg1, String arg2, String[] arg3, boolean[] arg4) { return null; }}

下面是實現類：

 package com.tfxiaozi.common.utils;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Vector;import org.apache.log4j.Logger;import com.jcraft.jsch.Channel;import com.jcraft.jsch.ChannelExec;import com.jcraft.jsch.ChannelSftp;import com.jcraft.jsch.JSch;import com.jcraft.jsch.JSchException;import com.jcraft.jsch.Session;import com.jcraft.jsch.SftpException;import com.jcraft.jsch.SftpProgressMonitor;/** * SSH Utils * @author tfxiaozi * */public class Ssh { Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass()); private String host = ""; private String user = ""; private int port = 22; private String password = ""; private static final String PROTOCOL = "sftp"; JSch jsch = new JSch(); private Session session; private Channel channel; private ChannelSftp sftp; public String getHost() { return host; } public void setHost(String host) { this.host = host; } public String getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(String user) { this.user = user; } public Ssh() { } public Ssh(String host, int port, String user, String password) { this.host = host; this.user = user; this.password = password; this.port = port; } /** * connect ssh * @throws JSchException */ public void connect() throws JSchException { if (session == null) { session = jsch.getSession(user, host, port); MyUserInfo ui = new MyUserInfo(); session.setUserInfo(ui); session.setPassword(password); session.connect(); channel = session.openChannel(PROTOCOL); channel.connect(); sftp = (ChannelSftp)channel; } } /** * disconnect ssh */ public void disconnect() { if (session != null) { session.disconnect(); session = null; } } /** * upload * @param localFileName * @param remoteFileName * @return */ public boolean upload(String localFileName, String remoteFileName) throws Exception{ boolean bSucc = false; try { SftpProgressMonitor monitor=new MyProgressMonitor(); int mode=ChannelSftp.OVERWRITE; sftp.put(localFileName, remoteFileName, monitor, mode); bSucc = true; } catch(Exception e) { logger.error(e); } finally { if (null != channel) { channel.disconnect(); } } return bSucc; } /** * delete file * @param directory * @param fileName * @return */ public boolean deteleFile(String directory, String fileName) { boolean flag = false; try { sftp.cd(directory); sftp.rm(fileName); flag = true; } catch (SftpException e) { flag = false; logger.error(e); } return flag; } /** * delete directory * @param directory dir to be delete * @param sure be sure to delete * @return */ public String deleteDir(String directory, boolean sure) { String command = "rm -rf " + directory; String result = execCommand(command, true); return result; } /** * compress the files and sub-dir of directory into a zip named compressName * @param directory the content directory to be compress * @param compressName the name in directory after it is compressed * @throws SftpException * @usage ssh.compressDir("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp", "test.zip"); */ public void compressDir(String directory, String compressName) throws SftpException { String command = "cd "+ directory +"/nzip -r " + compressName + " ./" + compressName.substring(0, compressName.lastIndexOf(".")); execCommand(command, true); } /** * download * @param localFileName * @param remoteFileName * @return */ public boolean download(String localFileName, String remoteFileName) { boolean bSucc = false; Channel channel = null; try { SftpProgressMonitor monitor = new MyProgressMonitor(); sftp.get(remoteFileName, localFileName, monitor, ChannelSftp.OVERWRITE); bSucc = true; } catch(Exception e) { logger.error(e); } finally { if (null != channel) { channel.disconnect(); } } return bSucc; } /** * execute command * @param command * @param flag * @return */ public String execCommand(String command, boolean flag) { Channel channel = null; InputStream in = null; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(""); try { channel = session.openChannel("exec"); System.out.println("command:" + command); ((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand("export TERM=ansi && " + command); ((ChannelExec)channel).setErrStream(System.err); in = channel.getInputStream(); channel.connect(); if (flag) { byte[] tmp = new byte[10240]; while (true) { while (in.available()>0) { int i = in.read(tmp, 0, 10240); if(i < 0) { break; } sb.append(new String(tmp, 0, i)); } if (channel.isClosed()){ break; } } } in.close(); } catch(Exception e){ logger.error(e); } finally { if (channel != null) { channel.disconnect(); } } return sb.toString(); } /** * get cpu info * @return */ public String[] getCpuInfo() { Channel channel = null; InputStream in = null; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(""); try { channel = session.openChannel("exec"); ((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand("export TERM=ansi && top -bn 1");//ansi一定要加in = channel.getInputStream(); ((ChannelExec)channel).setErrStream(System.err); channel.connect(); byte[] tmp = new byte[10240]; while (true) { while (in.available()>0) { int i = in.read(tmp, 0, 10240); if(i < 0) { break; } sb.append(new String(tmp, 0, i)); } if (channel.isClosed()){ break; } } } catch(Exception e){ logger.error(e); } finally { if (channel != null) { channel.disconnect(); } } String buf = sb.toString(); if (buf.indexOf("Swap") != -1) { buf = buf.substring(0, buf.indexOf("Swap")); } if (buf.indexOf("Cpu") != -1) { buf = buf.substring(buf.indexOf("Cpu"), buf.length()); } buf.replaceAll(" ", ""); return buf.split("//n"); } /** * get hard disk info * @return */ public String getHardDiskInfo() throws Exception{ Channel channel = null; InputStream in = null; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(""); try { channel = session.openChannel("exec"); ((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand("df -lh"); in = channel.getInputStream(); ((ChannelExec)channel).setErrStream(System.err); channel.connect(); byte[] tmp = new byte[10240]; while (true) { while (in.available()>0) { int i = in.read(tmp, 0, 10240); if(i < 0) { break; } sb.append(new String(tmp, 0, i)); } if (channel.isClosed()){ break; } } } catch(Exception e){ throw new RuntimeException(e); } finally { if (channel != null) { channel.disconnect(); } } String buf = sb.toString(); String[] info = buf.split("/n"); if(info.length > 2) {//first line: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on String tmp = ""; for(int i=1; i< info.length; i++) { tmp = info[i]; String[] tmpArr = tmp.split("%"); if(tmpArr[1].trim().equals("/")){ boolean flag = true; while(flag) { tmp = tmp.replaceAll(" ", " "); if (tmp.indexOf(" ") == -1){ flag = false; } } String[] result = tmp.split(" "); if(result != null && result.length == 6) { buf = result[1] + " total, " + result[2] + " used, " + result[3] + " free"; break; } else { buf = ""; } } } } else { buf = ""; } return buf; } /** * 返回空閒字節數* @return * @throws Exception */ public double getFreeDisk() throws Exception { String hardDiskInfo = getHardDiskInfo(); if(hardDiskInfo == null || hardDiskInfo.equals("")) { logger.error("get free harddisk space failed....."); return -1; } String[] diskInfo = hardDiskInfo.replace(" ", "").split(","); if(diskInfo == null || diskInfo.length == 0) { logger.error("get free disk info failed........."); return -1; } String free = diskInfo[2]; free = free.substring(0, free.indexOf("free")); //System.out.println("free space:" + free); String unit = free.substring(free.length()-1); //System.out.println("unit:" + unit); String freeSpace = free.substring(0, free.length()-1); double freeSpaceL = Double.parseDouble(freeSpace); //System.out.println("free spaceL:" + freeSpaceL); if(unit.equals("K")) { return freeSpaceL*1024; }else if(unit.equals("M")) { return freeSpaceL*1024*1024; } else if(unit.equals("G")) { return freeSpaceL*1024*1024*1024; } else if(unit.equals("T")) { return freeSpaceL*1024*1024*1024*1024; } else if(unit.equals("P")) { return freeSpaceL*1024*1024*1024*1024*1024; } return 0; } /** * 獲取指定目錄下的所有子目錄及文件* @param directory * @return * @throws Exception */ @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") public List<String> listFiles(String directory) throws Exception { Vector fileList = null; List<String> fileNameList = new ArrayList<String>(); fileList = sftp.ls(directory); Iterator it = fileList.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { String fileName = ((ChannelSftp.LsEntry) it.next()).getFilename(); if (fileName.startsWith(".") || fileName.startsWith("..")) { continue; } fileNameList.add(fileName); } return fileNameList; } public boolean mkdir(String path) { boolean flag = false; try { sftp.mkdir(path); flag = true; } catch (SftpException e) { flag = false; } return flag; }}

測試一下

public static void main(String[] arg) throws Exception{ Ssh ssh = new Ssh("10.10.10.83", 22, "test", "test"); try { ssh.connect(); } catch (JSchException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } /*String remotePath = "/home/tfxiaozi/" + "webapp/"; try { ssh.listFiles(remotePath); } catch (Exception e) { ssh.mkdir(remotePath); }*/ /*boolean b = ssh.upload("d:/test.zip", "webapp/"); System.out.println(b);*/ //String []buf = ssh.getCpuInfo(); //System.out.println("cpu:" + buf[0]); //System.out.println("memo:" + buf[1]); //System.out.println(ssh.getHardDiskInfo().replace(" ", "")); //System.out.println(ssh.getFreeDisk()); /*List<String> list = ssh.listFiles("webapp/test"); for(String s : list) { System.out.println(s); }*/ /*boolean b = ssh.deteleFile("webapp", "test.zip"); System.out.println(b);*/ /*try { String s = ssh.execCommand("ls -l /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test", true); System.out.println(s); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); }*/ //ssh.sftp.setFilenameEncoding("UTF-8"); /*try { String ss = ssh.execCommand("unzip /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test.zip -d /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/", true); System.out.println(ss); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println( e.getMessage()); }*/ /*String path = "/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test.zip"; try { List<String> list = ssh.listFiles(path); for(String s:list) { System.out.println(s); } System.out.println("ok"); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("extract failed...."); }*/ /*String command = "rm -rf /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/" + "水墨國學"; String sss = ssh.execCommand(command, true); System.out.println(sss);*/ /*String findCommand = "find /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/水墨國學-name 'index.html'"; String result = ssh.execCommand(findCommand, true); System.out.println(result);*/ /*String path = ""; ssh.listFiles(remotePath);*/ /* ssh.deleteDir("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", true); */ //下面這個會解壓到webapp1目錄,webapp1/test/xxx //ssh.execCommand("unzip /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test.zip -d /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", true); //下面這個會解壓到/webapp1/test目錄，也是webapp1/test/test/xxx //ssh.execCommand("unzip /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test.zip -d /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", true); //ssh.compressDir("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", "test.zip"); //ssh.sftp.cd("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1"); //ssh.compressDir("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", "test.zip"); /*boolean b = ssh.download("d:/temp/test.zip", "webapp/test.zip"); System.out.println(b);*/ //ssh.getHardDiskInfo(); System.out.println(ssh.getFreeDisk()); ssh.disconnect(); }

以上就是直接使用linux方式進行操作，不過需要注意的是，對於中文文件，在解壓的時候，傳入的時候會有可能亂碼，需要加上參數，如unzip -O cp936 test.zip -d /home/tfxiaozi/test。

以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持武林網。