java 與testng利用XML做數據源的數據驅動示例詳解
testng的功能很強大，利用@DataProvider可以做數據驅動，數據源文件可以是EXCEL，XML，YAML，甚至可以是TXT文本。在這以XML為例：
備註：@DataProvider的返回值類型只能是Object[][]與Iterator<Object>[]
TestData.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><data> <testmethod1> <input>1</input> <button>2</button> </testmethod1> <testmethod1> <input>3</input> <button>4</button> </testmethod1> <testmethod2> <input>3</input> <button>4</button> </testmethod2> <testmethod3> <input>3</input> <button>4</button> </testmethod3> <testmethod4> <input>3</input> <button>4</button> </testmethod4></data>
處用DOM4J解析XML，ParserXml.java文件：
package com.test;import java.io.File;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import org.dom4j.Document;import org.dom4j.DocumentException;import org.dom4j.Element;import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;public class ParserXml { public List parser3Xml(String fileName) { File inputXml = new File(fileName); List list=new ArrayList(); int count = 1; SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader(); try { Document document = saxReader.read(inputXml); Element employees = document.getRootElement(); for (Iterator i = employees.elementIterator(); i.hasNext();) { Element employee = (Element) i.next(); Map map = new HashMap(); Map tempMap = new HashMap(); for (Iterator j = employee.elementIterator(); j.hasNext();) { Element node = (Element) j.next(); tempMap.put(node.getName(), node.getText()); } map.put(employee.getName(), tempMap); list.add(map); } } catch (DocumentException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } return list; } }然後把解析出來的list轉換成Object[][]類型的數據，且結合在@DataProvider中。
TestData.java文件：
package com.test;import java.io.File;import java.lang.reflect.Method;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;public class TestData { private List l; public TestData() { this.getXmlData(); } public void getXmlData(){ ParserXml p = new ParserXml(); l = p.parser3Xml(new File("src/com/test/TestData.xml").getAbsolutePath()); } @DataProvider public Object[][] providerMethod(Method method){ List<Map<String, String>> result = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>(); for (int i = 0; i < l.size(); i++) { Map m = (Map) l.get(i); if(m.containsKey(method.getName())){ Map<String, String> dm = (Map<String, String>) m.get(method.getName()); result.add(dm); } } Object[][] files = new Object[result.size()][]; for(int i=0; i<result.size(); i++){ files[i] = new Object[]{result.get(i)}; } return files; } }再通過測試文件來測試一下：
TestDataProvider.java文件：
package com.test;import java.util.Map;import org.testng.annotations.*;public class TestDataProvider extends TestData { @Test(dataProvider="providerMethod") public void testmethod1(Map<?, ?> param){ System.out.println("method1 received:"+param.get("input")); } @Test(dataProvider="providerMethod") public void testmethod2(Map<?, ?> param){ System.out.println("method2 received:"+param.get("input")); } @Test(dataProvider="providerMethod") public void testmethod3(Map<?, ?> param){ System.out.println("method3 received:"+param.get("input")); } @Test public void testmethod4(){ System.out.println("method4 received:4"); }}我們再回過頭來分析一下XML文件,有兩個testmethod1結點，testmethod2，testmethod3，testmethod4結點各一個，在TestDataProvider.java文件中，定義了testmethod1，testmethod2，testmethod3，testmethod4四個測試函數，且testmethod4沒有用到dataProvider，所以運行結果最後應該是testmethod1運行兩遍，testmethod2，testmethod3，testmethod4各運行一遍，結果如下：
method1 received:1method1 received:3method2 received:3method3 received:3method4 received:4PASSED: testmethod1({input=1, button=2})PASSED: testmethod1({input=3, button=4})PASSED: testmethod2({input=3, button=4})PASSED: testmethod3({input=3, button=4})PASSED: testmethod4=============================================== Default test Tests run: 5, Failures: 0, Skips: 0===============================================也就是說通過這種方式，只需要把測試函數先寫好，然後在XML文件中定義好數據就行了，就能控制函數是否運行，運行次數且運行的數據。
OK，Let's try.....
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