本文以實例形式講述了基於Java的圖的廣度優先遍歷演算法實作方法,具體方法如下:
用鄰接矩陣儲存圖方法:
1.確定圖的頂點個數和邊的個數
2.輸入頂點資訊儲存在一維數組vertex中
3.初始化鄰接矩陣;
4.依序輸入每條邊儲存在鄰接矩陣arc中
輸入邊依附的兩個頂點的序號i,j;
將鄰接矩陣的第i行第j列的元素值置為1;
將鄰接矩陣的第j行第i列的元素值置為1;
廣度優先遍歷實現:
1.初始化佇列Q
2.訪問頂點v;visited[v]=1;頂點v入隊Q;
3.while(隊列Q非空)
v=隊列Q的隊頭元素出隊;
w=頂點v的第一個鄰接點
while(w存在)
如果w未被訪問,則訪問頂點w;visited[w]=1;頂點w入隊列Q
w=頂點v的下一個鄰接點
實現程式碼如下:
package com.teradata.lsw.sort;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.LinkedList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Queue;public class BFS {// 儲存節點資訊private Object[] vertices;// 儲存邊的資訊陣列private int[][] arcs;//邊的條數private int vexnum;// 記錄第i個節點是否被訪問過private boolean[] visited;//建構一個臨時鍊錶存已經遍歷過的節點private List<Object> temp = new ArrayListObject>( );/*** @param args** @author TD_LSW*/public static void main(String[] args) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubBFS g = new BFS(8);Character[] vertices = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H' };g.addVertex(vertices);g.addEdge(0, 1);g.addEdge(0, 2);g.addEdge(1, 3);g.addEdge(1, 4);g.addEdge(3, 5);g.addEdge(4, 5);g.addEdge(2, 6);g.addEdge(2, 7);System. out.println("圖的廣度優先遍歷:");g.bfs();}// 廣度優先遍歷實作private void bfs() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubfor (int i = 0; i < vexnum; i++) {visited[i] = false;}Queue<Integer> q = new LinkedList<Integer>();for (int i = 0; i < vexnum ; i++) {if (!visited[i]) {visited[i] = true;visit(i);q.add(i);while (!q.isEmpty()) {int j = (Integer) q.remove().intValue();//判斷如果全部遍歷完了就不需要循環了if (temp.size() == vexnum) {q .removeAll(q);return;}for (int k = this.firstAdjVex(j); k >= 0; k = this.nextAdjVex(j, k)) {if (!visited[k]) {q.add(k);visited[k] = true;visit(k);}}}}}// 找出下一個節點public int firstAdjVex(int i) {for (int j = 0; j < vexnum; j++) {if (arcs[i][j] > 0)return j;}return -1;}public int nextAdjVex(int i, int k) {for (int j = k + 1; j < vexnum; j++) {if (arcs[i][j] > 0)return j;}return -1;}// 初始化圖的邊private void addEdge (int i, int j) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif (i == j)return;arcs[i][j] = 1;arcs[j][i] = 1;}// 初始化圖的節點private void addVertex(Object[] object) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubthis.vertices = object;}// 圖的初始化public BFS (int n) {// TODO Auto-generated constructor stubvexnum = n;vertices = new Object[n];arcs = new int[n][n];visited = new boolean[n];for (int i = 0; i < vexnum; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < vexnum; j++) {arcs[i][ j] = 0;}}}private void visit(int i) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtemp.add(vertices[i]);System.out.print(vertices[i] + " ");}}