本来想做一个集合浮动定位和鼠标跟随的tooltips效果，但发现定位和鼠标跟随在一些关键的地方还是不同的，还是分开来吧。
这个效果本身难度不大，主要在程序结构和扩展中下了些功夫，务求用起来更方便，能用在更多的地方。
程序特点
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>JavaScript 浮动定位提示效果</title>
<script>
var $$ = function (id) {
return "string" == typeof id ? document.getElementById(id) : id;
};
var isIE = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('MSIE') != -1;
var isIE6 = isIE && ([/MSIE (d).0/i.exec(navigator.userAgent)][0][1] == "6");
var isChrome = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Chrome') != -1;
var isSafari = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('AppleWebKit') != -1;
// with input from Tino Zijdel, Matthias Miller, Diego Perini
// http://dean.edwards.name/weblog/2005/10/add-event/
function addEvent(element, type, handler) {
if (element.addEventListener) {
element.addEventListener(type, handler, false);
} else {
if (!handler.$$guid) handler.$$guid = addEvent.guid++;
if (!element.events) element.events = {};
var handlers = element.events[type];
if (!handlers) {
handlers = element.events[type] = {};
if (element["on" + type]) {
handlers[0] = element["on" + type];
}
}
handlers[handler.$$guid] = handler;
element["on" + type] = handleEvent;
}
};
addEvent.guid = 1;
function removeEvent(element, type, handler) {
if (element.removeEventListener) {
element.removeEventListener(type, handler, false);
} else {
if (element.events && element.events[type]) {
delete element.events[type][handler.$$guid];
}
}
};
function handleEvent(event) {
var returnValue = true;
event = event || fixEvent(((this.ownerDocument || this.document || this).parentWindow || window).event);
var handlers = this.events[event.type];
for (var i in handlers) {
this.$$handleEvent = handlers[i];
if (this.$$handleEvent(event) === false) {
returnValue = false;
}
}
return returnValue;
};
function fixEvent(event) {
event.target = event.srcElement;
if(event.type == "mouseout") {
event.relatedTarget = event.toElement;
}else if(event.type == "mouseover") {
event.relatedTarget = event.fromElement;
}
return event;
};
var Extend = function(destination, source) {
for (var property in source) {
destination[property] = source[property];
}
return destination;
}
var Contains = function(a, b){
return a.contains ? a != b && a.contains(b) : !!(a.compareDocumentPosition(b) & 16);
}
var Bind = function(object, fun) {
var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2);
return function() {
return fun.apply(object, args.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)));
}
}
var BindAsEventListener = function(object, fun) {
var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2);
return function(event) {
return fun.apply(object, [event].concat(args));
}
}
var FixedTips = function(tip, options){
this.Tip = $$(tip);//提示框
this._trigger = null;//触发对象
this._timer = null;//定时器
this._cssTip = this.Tip.style;//简化代码
this._onshow = false;//记录当前显示状态
this.SetOptions(options);
//处理Tip对象
this._cssTip.margin = 0;//避免定位问题
this._cssTip.position = "absolute";
this._cssTip.visibility = "hidden";
this._cssTip.display = "block";
this._cssTip.zIndex = 99;
this._cssTip.left = this._cssTip.top = "-9999px";//避免占位出现滚动条
//offset修正参数
var iLeft = iTop = 0, p = this.Tip;
while (p.offsetParent) {
p = p.offsetParent; iLeft += p.offsetLeft; iTop += p.offsetTop;
};
this._offsetleft = iLeft;
this._offsettop = iTop;
//移入Tip对象时保持显示状态
addEvent(this.Tip, "mouseover", BindAsEventListener(this, function(e){
//如果是外部元素进入，说明当前是隐藏延时阶段，那么清除定时器取消隐藏
this.Check(e.relatedTarget) && clearTimeout(this._timer);
}));
//ie6处理select
if (isIE6) {
this._iframe = document.createElement("<iframe style='position:absolute;filter:alpha(opacity=0);display:none;'>");
document.body.insertBefore(this._iframe, document.body.childNodes[0]);
};
//用于点击方式隐藏
this._fCH = BindAsEventListener(this, function(e) {
if (this.Check(e.target) && this.CheckHide()) {
this.ReadyHide(this._trigger.ClickHideDelay);
};
});
//用于触发方式隐藏
this._fTH = BindAsEventListener(this, function(e) {
if (this.Check(e.relatedTarget) && this.CheckHide()) {
this.ReadyHide(this._trigger.TouchHideDelay);
};
});
};
FixedTips.prototype = {
_doc: document.documentElement,//简化代码
//设置默认属性
SetOptions: function(options) {
this.options = {//默认值
ClickShow: true,//是否点击方式显示
ClickShowDelay: false,//是否点击显示延时
ClickHide: true,//是否点击方式隐藏
ClickHideDelay: false,//是否点击隐藏延时
TouchShow: true,//是否触发方式显示
TouchShowDelay: true,//是否触发显示延时
TouchHide: true,//是否触发方式隐藏
TouchHideDelay: true,//是否触发隐藏延时
ShowDelay: 300,//显示延时时间
HideDelay: 300,//隐藏延时时间
Align: "clientleft",//水平方向定位
vAlign: "clienttop",//垂直方向定位
Custom: { left: 0, top: 0 },//自定义定位
Percent: { left: 0, top: 0 },//自定义百分比定位
Adaptive: false,//是否自适应定位
Reset: false,//自适应定位时是否重新定位
onShow: function(){},//显示时执行
onHide: function(){}//隐藏时执行
};
Extend(this.options, options || {});
},
//检查触发元素
Check: function(elem) {
//返回是否外部元素（即触发元素和Tip对象本身及其内部元素以外的元素对象）
return !this._trigger ||
!(
this.Tip === elem || this._trigger.Elem === elem ||
Contains(this.Tip, elem) || Contains(this._trigger.Elem, elem)
);
},
//准备显示
ReadyShow: function(delay) {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
var trigger = this._trigger;
//点击方式隐藏
trigger.ClickHide && addEvent(document, "click", this._fCH);
//触发方式隐藏
trigger.TouchHide && addEvent(this._trigger.Elem, "mouseout", this._fTH);
//是否延迟触发
if (delay) {
this._timer = setTimeout(Bind(this, this.Show), trigger.ShowDelay);
} else { this.Show(); };
},
//显示
Show: function() {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
this._trigger.onShow();//放在前面方便修改属性
//根据预设定位和自定义定位计算left和top
var trigger = this._trigger, rect = trigger.Elem.getBoundingClientRect(),
scrolldoc = isChrome || isSafari ? document.body : this._doc,
scrollLeft = scrolldoc.scrollLeft, scrollTop = scrolldoc.scrollTop,
customLeft = trigger.Custom.left, customTop = trigger.Custom.top,
iLeft = this.GetLeft(rect, trigger.Align) + customLeft,
iTop = this.GetTop(rect, trigger.vAlign) + customTop;
//自定义百分比定位
if (trigger.Percent.left) { iLeft += .01 * trigger.Percent.left * trigger.Elem.offsetWidth; };
if (trigger.Percent.top) { iTop += .01 * trigger.Percent.top * trigger.Elem.offsetHeight; };
//自适应视窗定位
if (trigger.Adaptive) {
//修正定位参数
var maxLeft = this._doc.clientWidth - this.Tip.offsetWidth,
maxTop = this._doc.clientHeight - this.Tip.offsetHeight;
if (trigger.Reset) {
//自动重新定位
if (iLeft > maxLeft || iLeft < 0) {
iLeft = this.GetLeft(rect, 2 * iLeft > maxLeft ? "left" : "right") + customLeft;
};
if (iTop > maxTop || iTop < 0) {
iTop = this.GetTop(rect, 2 * iTop > maxTop ? "top" : "bottom") + customTop;
};
} else {
//修正到适合位置
iLeft = Math.max(Math.min(iLeft, maxLeft), 0);
iTop = Math.max(Math.min(iTop, maxTop), 0);
};
};
//设置位置并显示
this._cssTip.left = iLeft + scrollLeft - this._offsetleft + "px";
this._cssTip.top = iTop + scrollTop - this._offsettop + "px";
this._cssTip.visibility = "visible";
//ie6处理select
if (isIE6) {
this._iframe.style.left = iLeft + scrollLeft + "px";
this._iframe.style.top = iTop + scrollTop + "px";
this._iframe.style.width = this.Tip.offsetWidth + "px";
this._iframe.style.height = this.Tip.offsetHeight + "px";
this._iframe.style.display = "";
};
//触发方式隐藏
trigger.TouchHide && addEvent(this.Tip, "mouseout", this._fTH);
},
//获取相对触发元素的left
GetLeft: function(rect, align) {
switch (align.toLowerCase()) {
case "left" :
return rect.left - this.Tip.offsetWidth;
case "clientleft" :
return rect.left;
case "center" :
return (rect.left + rect.right - this.Tip.offsetWidth)/2;
case "clientright" :
return rect.right - this.Tip.offsetWidth;
case "right" :
default :
return rect.right;
};
},
//获取相对触发元素的top
GetTop: function(rect, valign) {
switch (valign.toLowerCase()) {
case "top" :
return rect.top - this.Tip.offsetHeight;
case "clienttop" :
return rect.top;
case "center" :
return (rect.top + rect.bottom - this.Tip.offsetHeight)/2;
case "clientbottom" :
return rect.bottom - this.Tip.offsetHeight;
case "bottom" :
default :
return rect.bottom;
};
},
//准备隐藏
ReadyHide: function(delay) {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
if (delay) {
this._timer = setTimeout(Bind(this, this.Hide), this._trigger.HideDelay);
} else { this.Hide(); };
},
//隐藏
Hide: function() {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
//设置隐藏
this._cssTip.visibility = "hidden";
this._cssTip.left = this._cssTip.top = "-9999px";
//ie6处理select
if (isIE6) { this._iframe.style.display = "none"; };
//处理触发对象
if (!!this._trigger) {
this._trigger.onHide();
removeEvent(this._trigger.Elem, "mouseout", this._fTH);
}
this._trigger = null;
//移除事件
removeEvent(this.Tip, "mouseout", this._fTH);
removeEvent(document, "click", this._fCH);
},
//添加触发对象
Add: function(elem, options) {
//创建一个触发对象
var elem = $$(elem), trigger = Extend(Extend({ Elem: elem }, this.options), options || {});
//点击方式显示
addEvent(elem, "click", BindAsEventListener(this, function(e){
if (trigger.ClickShow) {
if (this.CheckShow(trigger)) {
this.ReadyShow(trigger.ClickShowDelay);
} else {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
};
};
}));
//触发方式显示
addEvent(elem, "mouseover", BindAsEventListener(this, function(e){
if (trigger.TouchShow) {
if (this.CheckShow(trigger)) {
this.ReadyShow(trigger.TouchShowDelay);
} else if (this.Check(e.relatedTarget)) {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
};
};
}));
//返回触发对象
return trigger;
},
//显示检查
CheckShow: function(trigger) {
if (trigger !== this._trigger) {
//不是同一个触发对象就先执行Hide防止冲突
this.Hide(); this._trigger = trigger; return true;
} else { return false; };
},
//隐藏检查
CheckHide: function() {
if (this._cssTip.visibility === "hidden") {
//本来就是隐藏状态，不需要再执行Hide
clearTimeout(this._timer);
removeEvent(this._trigger.Elem, "mouseout", this._fTH);
this._trigger = null;
removeEvent(document, "click", this._fCH);
return false;
} else { return true; };
}
};
</script>
</head>
<body>
<style>
.trigger{border:1px solid #003099; color:#003099; background:#e2e7ff; padding:10px; width:200px; height:100px; margin-left:150px;}
.tip{border:1px solid #c00000; color:#c00000; background:#ffcccc; padding:5px; line-height:20px;}
</style>
<div style="padding:50px;">
<div id="idTip" class="tip"></div>
<div id="idTrigger1" class="trigger">
<select>
<option>test</option>
</select>
</div>
<br>
水平位置：
<label>
<input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="left" />
left </label>
<label>
<input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="clientleft" />
clientleft </label>
<label>
<input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="center" />
center </label>
<label>
<input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="clientright" />
clientright </label>
<label>
<input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="right" checked="checked" />
right </label>
<br>
垂直位置：
<label>
<input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="top" />
top </label>
<label>
<input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="clienttop" />
clienttop </label>
<label>
<input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="center" />
center </label>
<label>
<input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="clientbottom" />
clientbottom </label>
<label>
<input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="bottom" checked="checked" />
bottom </label>
<br>
<br>
自定义定位：
left：
<input id="idLeft" type="text" size="5" value="0" maxlength="3" />
top：
<input id="idTop" type="text" size="5" value="0" maxlength="3"/>
<br>
<br>
<input id="idClick" type="checkbox" checked="checked" />
<label for="idClick">点击方式</label>
<input id="idTouch" type="checkbox" checked="checked" />
<label for="idTouch">触发方式</label>
<br>
<br>
延时时间：
<input id="idDelayTime" type="text" size="5" value="0" maxlength="4"/>
<input id="idDelay" type="button" value=" 取消延时 " />
<br>
<br>
其他应用范例： <br>
<br>
<div id="idTest1"> 利用title： <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/11/17/1334778.html" title="拖放效果">拖放效果</a> <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/12/03/1346386.html" title="拖拉缩放效果">拖拉缩放效果</a> <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/07/21/1247267.html" title="图片切割效果"> 图片切割效果</a> </div>
<br>
<br>
流行的头像显示效果： <br>
<br>
<div id="idTest2"> <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/07/06/1236770.html" title="图片滑动切换效果"><img src="/articleimg/2009/07/6852/r_mx1.jpg" border="0"/></a> <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/05/23/1205642.html" title="图片变换效果"><img src="/articleimg/2009/07/6852/r_mx2.jpg" border="0"/></a> <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/05/13/1194272.html" title="图片滑动展示效果"><img src="/articleimg/2009/07/6852/r_mx3.jpg" border="0"/></a> </div>
<br>
<br>
关闭按钮：<a id="idTest3" href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2009/05/18/TableFixed.html">Table行定位效果</a>
</div>
<script>
var forEach = function(array, callback, thisObject){
if(array.forEach){
array.forEach(callback, thisObject);
}else{
for (var i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; i++) { callback.call(thisObject, array[i], i, array); }
}
}
//////////////////////////////////////
var ft = new FixedTips("idTip");
//////////////////////////////////////
var trigger1 = ft.Add("idTrigger1", {
onShow: function(){
//定位测试
var sAlign = this.Align, sVAlign = this.vAlign;
forEach(document.getElementsByName("nAlign"), function(o){ if(o.checked){ sAlign = o.value; } });
forEach(document.getElementsByName("nVAlign"), function(o){ if(o.checked){ sVAlign = o.value; } });
this.Align = sAlign;
this.vAlign = sVAlign;
this.Custom.left = $$("idLeft").value | 0;
this.Custom.top = $$("idTop").value | 0;
trigger1.ShowDelay = trigger1.HideDelay = $$("idDelayTime").value | 0 || 300;
ft.Tip.innerHTML = sAlign + "<br>" + sVAlign + "<br>" + "left: " + this.Custom.left + ", top: " + this.Custom.top;
}
});
//延时测试
$$("idDelayTime").value = trigger1.ShowDelay;
$$("idDelay").onclick = function(){
if(trigger1.TouchShowDelay){
trigger1.ClickShowDelay = trigger1.ClickHideDelay =
trigger1.TouchShowDelay = trigger1.TouchHideDelay = false;
$$("idDelayTime").disabled = true;
this.value = " 设置延时 ";
}else{
trigger1.ClickShowDelay = trigger1.ClickHideDelay =
trigger1.TouchShowDelay = trigger1.TouchHideDelay = true;
$$("idDelayTime").disabled = false;
this.value = " 取消延时 ";
}
}
//方式测试
$$("idClick").onclick = function(){
trigger1.ClickShow = trigger1.ClickHide = this.checked;
}
$$("idTouch").onclick = function(){
trigger1.TouchShow = trigger1.TouchHide = this.checked;
}
///////////////////////////////////////
forEach($$("idTest1").getElementsByTagName("a"), function(o){
var title = o.title; o.title = "";
ft.Add(o, { vAlign: "bottom", Percent: { left: 50, top: 0 }, onShow: function(){ ft.Tip.innerHTML = title; } });
})
///////////////////////////////////////
forEach($$("idTest2").getElementsByTagName("a"), function(o){
var img = o.getElementsByTagName("img")[0], title = o.title;
o.title = "";
ft.Add(img, { Custom: { left: -6, top: -6 },
onShow: function(){
var str = '<a href="' + o.href + '"><img src="' + img.src + '" style="padding-bottom:5px;" border="0"/></a>';
str += '<br /><a href="' + o.href + '">' + title + '</a>';
ft.Tip.innerHTML = str;
}
});
})
///////////////////////////////////////
ft.Add("idTest3", { ClickHide: false, TouchHide: false, Align: "right",
onShow: function(){
var str = '<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2009/03/11/1408333.html">颜色梯度和渐变效果</a><br />';
str += '<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/10/20/1314766.html">仿163网盘无刷新文件上传系统</a><br />';
str += '<input type="button" onclick="ft.Hide();" value="点击关闭" />';
ft.Tip.innerHTML = str;
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
JavaScript,定位,浮动,提示,tooltips,FixedTips,Tip
程序说明
Tip对象：
Tip对象就是用来显示提示信息的容器，程序用Tip属性表示。这个没什么要求，程序初始化时会对它进行一些设置。
首先进行下面设置：
this._cssTip.margin = 0;
this._cssTip.position = "absolute";
this._cssTip.visibility = "hidden";
this._cssTip.display = "block";
this._cssTip.zIndex = 99;
this._cssTip.left = this._cssTip.top = "-9999px";
其中margin设为0是为了避免一些定位问题，用visibility来隐藏而不是display是因为程序需要获取Tip的offsetWidth、offsetHeight，还需要设置left和top是避免因Tip占位出现的滚动条。
因为Tip可能会在其他定位元素里面，所以还要设两个offset修正参数：
var iLeft = iTop = 0, p = this.Tip.offsetParent;
while (!(p === document.body || p === document.documentElement)) {
iLeft += p.offsetLeft; iTop += p.offsetTop; p = p.offsetParent;
};
this._offsetleft = iLeft;
this._offsettop = iTop;
最后给Tip的mouseover加一个事件，具体后面再说明。