一、前言
本学期学习了JAVA语言，在学期的结束，写一个有操作界面，与数据库关联的管理系统，用来巩固自己本学习所学的知识。
用到的知识：JAVA基础，JAVA界面设计（GUI），Oracle数据库（需要掌握数据库的基本操作语句），链接数据库。
使用的开发工具：MyEclipse Professional 2014
二、设计
我们管理的属性有：项目编号，项目名称，参与人员，负责人，项目开始时间，结束时间。科研项目系统主要有四个功能，对科研项目的增加、删除、修改、查询。以及为增加系统安全性所设计的登陆模式。
2.1 增加：向数据库的表中增加科研项目的所有信息
添加后在控制台使用SQL语句查找，验证是否已添加至数据库中。
2.2 查询：通过具有唯一性的项目编号查找该项目的所有信息
2.3 修改：根据项目编号选中要修改的项目，并重新输入项目信息进行修改
2.4 删除：通过具有唯一性的项目编号删除对应项目的所有信息
三、窗体源码
3.1 登录界面
package 科研信息管理系统;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.*;public class LoginWindows extends Frame implements WindowListener,ActionListener { public Label lgLabel; //用户名标签 public Label pwdLabel; //密码标签 public TextField lgText; //用户名文本框 public TextField pwdText; //密码文本框 public Button lgBt; //登录按钮 public Button quitBt; //退出按钮 public LoginWindows() { super(); this.setSize(400, 300); this.setTitle("科研信息管理系统"); this.setLayout(null); lgLabel=new Label(); lgLabel.setText("登录账号:"); lgLabel.setSize(60, 30); lgLabel.setLocation(70,70); pwdLabel=new Label(); pwdLabel.setText("密 码:"); pwdLabel.setSize(60,30); pwdLabel.setLocation(70, 150); lgText=new TextField(); lgText.setSize(180, 30); lgText.setLocation(140, 70); pwdText=new TextField(); pwdText.setSize(180,30); pwdText.setLocation(140, 150); lgBt=new Button(); lgBt.setLabel("登录"); lgBt.setSize(60,30); lgBt.setLocation(120, 220); quitBt=new Button(); quitBt.setLabel("退出"); quitBt.setSize(60,30); quitBt.setLocation(220,220); quitBt.addActionListener(this); lgBt.addActionListener(this); this.addWindowListener(this); this.add(lgLabel); this.add(pwdLabel); this.add(lgText); this.add(pwdText); this.add(lgBt); this.add(quitBt); this.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String args[]) { LoginWindows main=new LoginWindows(); } @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { Button bt=(Button) e.getSource(); if(bt.getLabel().equals("退出")) { System.exit(0); } else { if ((lgText.getText().equals(""))||(pwdText.getText().equals(""))) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"账号或密码为空"); } else { if ((lgText.getText().equals("admin"))&&(pwdText.getText().equals("111"))) //if((lgText.getText().equals(""))||(pwdText.getText().equals(""))) { this.setVisible(false); // Sqlwindow sql=new Sqlwindow(); WindowsView w=new WindowsView(); w.SciencePro(); } else { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "没有权限"); } }}} @Override public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method busb } @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method busb System.exit(0); } @Override public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method busb } @Override public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method busb } @Override public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method busb } @Override public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method busb } @Override public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method busb }}3.2主窗体源码
package 科研信息管理系统;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.event.*;import javax.swing.tree.*;public class WindowsView implements TreeSelectionListener,ActionListener //窗口类{ JFrame main; JPanel leftPa; JPanel upPa; JPanel downPa; ///查询用控件 JLabel numLa; //通过项目编号查询 JTextField numTxt; JButton numBt; JTextField nameTxt; //显示项目名称的文本框 JTextField peopleTxt; //显示参与人员 JTextField principalTxt; //显示主要负责人 JTextField timeStartTxt; //显示开始时间的文本框 JTextField timeEndTxt; //显示预期结束时间的文本框 //增加用控件 JLabel anumLa; JLabel anameLa; JLabel apeopleLa; JLabel aprincipalLa; JLabel atimeStartLa; JLabel atimeEndLa; JTextField anumTxt; JTextField anameTxt; JTextField apeopleTxt; JTextField aprincipalTxt; JTextField atimeStartTxt; JTextField atimeEndTxt; JButton addBt; JTable showTable; //删除用控件 JLabel dnumLa; JButton dnumBt; JTextField dnumTxt; //修改用控件 JLabel alnumLa; JTextField allnumTxt; JButton alseBt; JButton alBt; JLabel allnumLa; JLabel alnameLa; JLabel alpeopleLa; JLabel alprincipalLa; JLabel altimeStartLa; JLabel altimeEndLa; JTextField alnumTxt; JTextField alnameTxt; JTextField alpeopleTxt; JTextField alprincipalTxt; JTextField altimeStartTxt; JTextField altimeEndTxt; public void SciencePro() { main=new JFrame(); main.setSize(800,800); main.setTitle("科研信息管理"); main.setLayout(null); leftPa=new JPanel(); leftPa.setSize(150, 600); leftPa.setLocation(0, 0); leftPa.setBackground(Color.white); initLeftPanel(); main.add(leftPa); upPa=new JPanel(); upPa.setSize(650, 400); upPa.setLocation(150, 0); upPa.setBackground(Color.gray); main.add(upPa); downPa=new JPanel(); downPa.setSize(650, 400); downPa.setLocation(150, 400); downPa.setBackground(Color.orange); main.add(downPa); main.setVisible(true); } private void initLeftPanel() { String[] strs={"查询","增加","删除","修改"}; JTree tree=new JTree(strs); tree.addTreeSelectionListener(this); leftPa.add(tree); } public void valueChanged(TreeSelectionEvent e) { JTree tree=(JTree)e.getSource(); DefaultMutableTreeNode selectionNode =(DefaultMutableTreeNode)tree.getLastSelectedPathComponent(); String str=selectionNode.toString(); if(str.equals("查询")) { initUpDownPaWhenSearch(); } if(str.equals("增加")) { initUpDownPaWhenAdd(); } if(str.equals("删除")) { initUpDownPaWhenDelete(); } if(str.equals("修改")) { initUpDownPaWhenAlert(); } } private void initUpDownPaWhenSearch() { //清空上下面板上的控件 upPa.removeAll(); downPa.removeAll(); //动态的加载上面板的控件 upPa.setLayout(null); numLa=new JLabel(); numLa.setText("请输入项目编号"); numLa.setLocation(40, 60); numLa.setSize(100, 40); numTxt=new JTextField(); numTxt.setLocation(180, 60); numTxt.setSize(200, 30); numBt=new JButton(); numBt.setText("查询"); numBt.addActionListener(this); numBt.setLocation(250, 160); numBt.setSize(60, 30); upPa.add(numLa); upPa.add(numTxt); upPa.add(numBt); upPa.validate(); upPa.repaint(); numBt.addActionListener(this); //动态的加载下面板的控件 nameTxt=new JTextField(); nameTxt.setLocation(80, 50); nameTxt.setSize(300, 30); peopleTxt=new JTextField(); peopleTxt.setLocation(80, 100); peopleTxt.setSize(300, 30); principalTxt=new JTextField(); principalTxt.setLocation(80, 150); principalTxt.setSize(300, 30); timeStartTxt=new JTextField(); timeStartTxt.setLocation(80, 200); timeStartTxt.setSize(300, 30); timeEndTxt=new JTextField(); timeEndTxt.setLocation(80,250); timeEndTxt.setSize(300, 30); downPa.setLayout(null); downPa.add(nameTxt); downPa.add(peopleTxt); downPa.add(principalTxt); downPa.add(timeStartTxt); downPa.add(timeEndTxt); downPa.validate(); downPa.repaint(); } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { JButton bt=(JButton)e.getSource(); //bt.addActionListener(this); if(bt.getText().equals("查询")) { if(numTxt.getText().equals("")) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入项目编号"); } else { DealSearch deal=new DealSearch(); String inf=deal.findProByNum(Integer.parseInt(numTxt.getText().trim())); if((inf!=null)&&(!inf.equals(""))) { String[] strs=inf.split(","); nameTxt.setText(strs[1]); peopleTxt.setText(strs[2]); principalTxt.setText(strs[3]); timeStartTxt.setText(strs[4]); timeEndTxt.setText(strs[5]); } } } if(bt.getText().equals("新增")) { if (anumTxt.getText().equals("")||anameTxt.getText().equals("")||apeopleTxt.getText().equals("")||aprincipalTxt.getText().equals("")||atimeStartTxt.getText().equals("")||atimeEndTxt.getText().equals("")) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "输入中不能有空值！！"); } else { ScienceProject s=new ScienceProject(); s.SetNum(Integer.parseInt(anumTxt.getText())); s.SetName(anameTxt.getText()); s.SetPeople(apeopleTxt.getText()); s.SetLeader(aprincipalTxt.getText()); s.SetTimeStart(atimeStartTxt.getText()); s.SetTimeFinish(atimeEndTxt.getText()); DealAdd deal=new DealAdd(); deal.add(s); } } if(bt.getText().equals("删除")) { if(Integer.parseInt(dnumTxt.getText())==0) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "不能删除空的项目编号！！"); } else { DealDelete deal=new DealDelete(); deal.delete(Integer.parseInt(dnumTxt.getText().trim())); } } if(bt.getText().equals("提交")) { if(Integer.parseInt(allnumTxt.getText())==0) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "不能修改空的项目编号！！"); } else { DealSub deal=new DealSub(); deal.submit(Integer.parseInt(allnumTxt.getText())); } } if(bt.getText().equals("修改")) { if (alnameTxt.getText().equals("")||alpeopleTxt.getText().equals("")||alprincipalTxt.getText().equals("")||altimeStartTxt.getText().equals("")||altimeEndTxt.getText().equals("")) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "输入中不能有空值！！"); } else { ScienceProject s=new ScienceProject(); s.SetNum(Integer.parseInt(allnumTxt.getText())); s.SetName(alnameTxt.getText()); s.SetPeople(alpeopleTxt.getText()); s.SetLeader(alprincipalTxt.getText()); s.SetTimeStart(altimeStartTxt.getText()); s.SetTimeFinish(altimeEndTxt.getText()); DealAlter deal=new DealAlter(); deal.alter(s); } } } private void initUpDownPaWhenAdd() { //清空上下面板上的控件 upPa.removeAll(); downPa.removeAll(); //动态的加载上面板的控件 upPa.setLayout(null); anumLa=new JLabel(); anumLa.setText("请输入要增加的项目编号"); anumLa.setLocation(30, 50); anumLa.setSize(150, 40); anumTxt=new JTextField(); anumTxt.setLocation(200, 50); anumTxt.setSize(250, 30); anameLa=new JLabel(); anameLa.setText("请输入要增加的项目名称"); anameLa.setLocation(30, 100); anameLa.setSize(150, 40); anameTxt=new JTextField(); anameTxt.setLocation(200, 100); anameTxt.setSize(250, 30); apeopleLa=new JLabel(); apeopleLa.setText("请输入项目参与人员"); apeopleLa.setLocation(30, 150); apeopleLa.setSize(150, 40); apeopleTxt=new JTextField(); apeopleTxt.setLocation(200, 150); apeopleTxt.setSize(250, 30); aprincipalLa=new JLabel(); aprincipalLa.setText("请输入项目负责人"); aprincipalLa.setLocation(30, 200); aprincipalLa.setSize(150, 40); aprincipalTxt=new JTextField(); aprincipalTxt.setLocation(200, 200); aprincipalTxt.setSize(250, 30); atimeStartLa=new JLabel(); atimeStartLa.setText("请输入项目开始时间"); atimeStartLa.setLocation(30, 250); atimeStartLa.setSize(150, 40); atimeStartTxt=new JTextField(); atimeStartTxt.setLocation(200, 250); atimeStartTxt.setSize(250, 30); atimeEndLa=new JLabel(); atimeEndLa.setText("请输入项目结束时间"); atimeEndLa.setLocation(30, 300); atimeEndLa.setSize(150, 40); atimeEndTxt=new JTextField(); atimeEndTxt.setLocation(200, 300); atimeEndTxt.setSize(250, 30); addBt=new JButton(); addBt.setText("新增"); addBt.addActionListener(this); //addBt.addMouseListener(this); addBt.setLocation(250, 340); addBt.setSize(60, 30); upPa.add(addBt); upPa.add(anumLa); upPa.add(anameLa); upPa.add(apeopleLa); upPa.add(aprincipalLa); upPa.add(atimeStartLa); upPa.add(atimeEndLa); upPa.add(anameTxt); upPa.add(anumTxt); upPa.add(apeopleTxt); upPa.add(aprincipalTxt); upPa.add(atimeStartTxt); upPa.add(atimeEndTxt); upPa.validate(); upPa.repaint(); downPa.validate(); downPa.repaint(); } private void initUpDownPaWhenDelete() { //清空上下面板上的控件 upPa.removeAll(); downPa.removeAll(); //动态的加载上面板的控件 upPa.setLayout(null); numLa=new JLabel(); numLa.setText("请输入要删除的项目编号"); numLa.setLocation(40, 60); numLa.setSize(150, 40); dnumTxt=new JTextField(); dnumTxt.setLocation(200, 60); dnumTxt.setSize(250, 30); dnumBt=new JButton(); dnumBt.setText("删除"); dnumBt.addActionListener(this); dnumBt.setLocation(270, 170); dnumBt.setSize(60, 30); upPa.add(numLa); upPa.add(dnumTxt); upPa.add(dnumBt); upPa.validate(); upPa.repaint(); downPa.validate(); downPa.repaint(); } private void initUpDownPaWhenAlert() { //清空上下面板上的控件 upPa.removeAll(); downPa.removeAll(); //动态的加载上面板的控件 upPa.setLayout(null); alnumLa=new JLabel(); alnumLa.setText("请输入要修改的项目编号"); alnumLa.setLocation(40, 60); alnumLa.setSize(150, 40); alseBt=new JButton(); alseBt.setText("提交"); alseBt.addActionListener(this); alseBt.setLocation(270, 170); alseBt.setSize(60, 30); allnumTxt=new JTextField(); allnumTxt.setLocation(200, 60); allnumTxt.setSize(200, 30); upPa.add(alnumLa); upPa.add(alseBt); upPa.add(allnumTxt); upPa.validate(); upPa.repaint(); alBt=new JButton(); alBt.setText("修改"); alBt.addActionListener(this); alBt.setLocation(450, 170); alBt.setSize(60, 30); /* allnumLa=new JLabel(); allnumLa.setText("请输入修改后的项目编号"); allnumLa.setLocation(30, 00); allnumLa.setSize(150, 40); alnumTxt=new JTextField(); alnumTxt.setLocation(180, 00); alnumTxt.setSize(250, 30);*/ alnameLa=new JLabel(); alnameLa.setText("请输入修改后项目名称"); alnameLa.setLocation(30, 50); alnameLa.setSize(150, 40); alnameTxt=new JTextField(); alnameTxt.setLocation(180, 50); alnameTxt.setSize(250, 30); alpeopleLa=new JLabel(); alpeopleLa.setText("请重设参与人员"); alpeopleLa.setLocation(30, 100); alpeopleLa.setSize(150, 40); alpeopleTxt=new JTextField(); alpeopleTxt.setLocation(180, 100); alpeopleTxt.setSize(250, 30); alprincipalLa=new JLabel(); alprincipalLa.setText("请重设项目负责人"); alprincipalLa.setLocation(30, 150); alprincipalLa.setSize(150, 40); alprincipalTxt=new JTextField(); alprincipalTxt.setLocation(180, 150); alprincipalTxt.setSize(250, 30); altimeStartLa=new JLabel(); altimeStartLa.setText("请重设项目开始时间"); altimeStartLa.setLocation(30, 200); altimeStartLa.setSize(150, 40); altimeStartTxt=new JTextField(); altimeStartTxt.setLocation(180, 200); altimeStartTxt.setSize(250, 30); altimeEndLa=new JLabel(); altimeEndLa.setText("请重设项目结束时间"); altimeEndLa.setLocation(30, 250); altimeEndLa.setSize(150, 40); altimeEndTxt=new JTextField(); altimeEndTxt.setLocation(180, 250); altimeEndTxt.setSize(250, 30); downPa.add(alBt); //downPa.add(allnumLa); downPa.add(alnameLa); downPa.add(alpeopleLa); downPa.add(alprincipalLa); downPa.add(altimeStartLa); downPa.add(altimeEndLa); downPa.add(alnameTxt); //downPa.add(alnumTxt); downPa.add(alpeopleTxt); downPa.add(alprincipalTxt); downPa.add(altimeStartTxt); downPa.add(altimeEndTxt); downPa.setLayout(null); downPa.validate(); downPa.repaint(); }}3.3 组织SQL语句，链接数据库部分
package 科研信息管理系统;import java.sql.*;import java.util.Scanner;public class Sql { public void AddScienceProject(ScienceProject scienceProject) { try { Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance(); String conStr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE"; Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(conStr,"system","1"); StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("insert into science values("+scienceProject.GetNum()+",'"+scienceProject.GetName()+"','"+scienceProject.GetPeople()+"','"+scienceProject.GetLeader()+"','"+scienceProject.GetTimeStart()+"','"+scienceProject.GetTimeFinish()+"')"); Statement st=con.createStatement(); st.execute(sql.toString()); st.close(); con.close(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public void DelScienceProject(ScienceProject scienceProject) { try { Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance(); String conStr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE"; Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(conStr,"system","1"); StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("delete from science where num="+scienceProject.GetNum()+""); Statement st=con.createStatement(); st.execute(sql.toString()); st.close(); con.close(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public void UpdScienceProject(ScienceProject scienceProject) { try { Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance(); String conStr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE"; Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(conStr,"system","1"); StringBuffer sql =new StringBuffer("update science set name='"+scienceProject.GetName()+"',workpeople='"+scienceProject.GetPeople()+"',manager='"+scienceProject.GetLeader()+"',timestart='"+scienceProject.GetTimeStart()+"',timeend='"+scienceProject.GetTimeFinish()+"' where num="+scienceProject.GetNum()+""); Statement st=con.createStatement(); st.execute(sql.toString()); st.close(); con.close(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception System.out.println("修改异常"); System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public ScienceProject Findbynum(int num) { ScienceProject scienceProject=new ScienceProject(); try { Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance(); String conStr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE"; Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(conStr,"system","1"); StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("select * from science where num="+num+""); Statement st=con.createStatement(); ResultSet rs=st.executeQuery(sql.toString()); while(rs.next()) { scienceProject.SetNum(rs.getInt(1)); scienceProject.SetName(rs.getString(2)); scienceProject.SetPeople(rs.getString(3)); scienceProject.SetLeader(rs.getString(4)); scienceProject.SetTimeStart(rs.getString(5)); scienceProject.SetTimeFinish(rs.getString(6)); } st.close(); con.close(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception System.out.println(e.toString()); } return scienceProject; } public ScienceProject Look() { ScienceProject scienceProject=new ScienceProject(); try { Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance(); String conStr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE"; Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(conStr,"system","1"); StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("select *from science"); Statement st=con.createStatement(); ResultSet rs=st.executeQuery(sql.toString()); while(rs.next()) { scienceProject.SetNum(rs.getInt(1)); scienceProject.SetName(rs.getString(2)); scienceProject.SetPeople(rs.getString(3)); scienceProject.SetLeader(rs.getString(4)); scienceProject.SetTimeStart(rs.getString(5)); scienceProject.SetTimeFinish(rs.getString(6)); } st.close(); con.close(); } catch (Exception ex) { // TODO: handle exception System.out.println(ex.toString()); } return scienceProject; } public static void main(String args[]) { }}3.4 增删查改对应处理的源码
//处理增加package 科研信息管理系统;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;public class DealAdd { public DealAdd() {} public void add(ScienceProject s) { Sql sql=new Sql(); if(sql.Findbynum(s.GetNum()).GetNum()!=0) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "该项目已存在，请重新输入！"); } else { sql.AddScienceProject(s); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"增加成功"); } }}由设计部分可以看到，删除时需要先提交项目编号，所以，需要处理提交事件
//处理提交package 科研信息管理系统;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;public class DealSub{ DealSub() {} public void submit(int num) { Sql sql =new Sql(); if(sql.Findbynum(num).GetNum()==0) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "不存在该项目"); } else { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请在下方填写修改后的项目信息"); } }}//处理删除package 科研信息管理系统;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;public class DealDelete{ public DealDelete() {} public void delete(int num) { ScienceProject s=new ScienceProject(); Sql sql=new Sql(); if(sql.Findbynum(num).GetNum()==0) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "不存在该项目~"); } else { s=sql.Findbynum(num); sql.DelScienceProject(s); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "删除成功~"); } }}//处理修改package 科研信息管理系统;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;public class DealAlter { public DealAlter() {} public void alter(ScienceProject s) { Sql sql=new Sql(); sql.UpdScienceProject(s); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"修改成功"); }}//处理查询package 科研信息管理系统;public class DealSearch //处理查询事件{ public DealSearch() {} public String findProByNum(int num)//通过项目编号查询 { String result=""; ScienceProject s=new ScienceProject(); Sql sql=new Sql(); s=sql.Findbynum(num); result=s.GetNum()+","+s.GetName()+","+s.GetPeople()+","+s.GetLeader()+","+s.GetTimeStart()+","+s.GetTimeFinish(); return result; }}3.5 主函数调用登录窗口
package 科研信息管理系统;public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { LoginWindows v=new LoginWindows(); }}四、总结
还是有一些的缺陷存在的，由于对科研项目的不熟悉，有些属性设计得不合理，还有很多没有考虑到的地方，另外对GUI的不熟悉也限制了我们在窗口上的设计。还需要在项目属性及窗口等方面进行修改。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持武林网。