Have you ever yearned for the beautiful scenes in two-dimensional photos and longed to experience those charming pictures firsthand? Now, this dream is expected to become a reality! On CVPR2025, a major study called MIDI (Multi-Instance Diffusion for Single Image to 3D Scene Generation, multi-instance diffusion single image to 3D scene generation) emerged. This technology is like a skilled magician. With just a normal 2D picture, you can create a lifelike 360-degree 3D scene for you.
Imagine you took a corner of a cafe with sunshine shining, with exquisite tables and chairs, fragrant coffee cups, and swaying trees outside the window. In the past, this was just a static flat image. But with MIDI, you just need to "feed" this photo, and what happens next can be called "turning stones into gold".
MIDI works quite cleverly. First, it intelligently segments the input single image, just like an experienced artist, able to accurately identify various independent elements in the scene, such as tables, chairs, coffee cups, etc. These "disassembled" image parts, together with the overall scene environment information, will become an important basis for MIDI to construct 3D scenes.
Unlike some other methods of generating 3D objects one by one and then combining them, MIDI adopts a more efficient and intelligent way of multi-instance synchronous diffusion. This means it is able to 3D model multiple objects in the scene at the same time, which is like an orchestra playing different instruments at the same time, eventually converging into a harmonious movement.
What is even more amazing is that MIDI also introduces a novel multi-instance attention mechanism. This mechanism is like a "dialogue" between different objects in the scene. It can effectively capture the interaction and spatial relationship between objects, ensuring that the generated 3D scene not only contains independent objects, but more importantly, the placement and mutual influence between them are logical and integrated. This ability to directly consider the relationship between objects during the generation process avoids complex post-processing steps in traditional methods and greatly improves efficiency and sense of reality.
MIDI can directly generate composed 3D instances from a single image without complex multi-stage processing. It is said that the entire processing process takes only 40 seconds at a fastest, which is definitely a blessing for users who pursue efficiency. By introducing a multi-instance attention layer and a cross-attention layer, MIDI can fully understand the context information of the global scene and integrate it into the generation process of each independent 3D object, thus ensuring the overall coordination of the scene and the richness of the details.
During the training process, MIDI cleverly uses limited scene-level data to supervise the interaction between 3D instances, and integrates a large amount of single object data for regularization, which allows it to accurately generate 3D models that conform to the scene logic while maintaining good generalization capabilities. It is worth mentioning that the texture details of the 3D scene generated by MIDI are not inferior, thanks to the application of technologies such as MV-Adapter, making the final 3D scene look more realistic and credible.
It can be foreseen that the emergence of MIDI technology will set off a new wave in many fields. Whether it is game development, virtual reality, interior design, or digital protection of cultural relics, MIDI will provide a new, efficient and convenient 3D content production method. Imagine that in the future, we may just need to take a photo to quickly build an interactive 3D environment to achieve a true "one-click time travel".
Project entrance: https://huangzh.github.io/MIDI-Page/