cli tricks
1.0.0
Souvent, dans notre travail quotidien, nous rencontrons la nécessité d'exécuter des trucs dans la CLI - et trop souvent, cela s'avère plus difficile que ce à quoi on pourrait s'attendre. Dans l'esprit de gagner du temps pour les autres, nous avons décidé de compiler une liste de celles que nous avons trouvées utiles et pas si évidentes.
grep -o ' ".*" ' | tr -d ' " 'grep -oP " (?<=').*?(?=') "grep -oP ' (?<=()[^)]+ '
grep -oP ' (K[^)]+ 'grep -o " <MATCH>.* "grep -E -o " ([0-9]{1,3}[.]){3}[0-9]{1,3} "grep -oh " w*<MATCH>w* "grep --only-matching ' [[:digit:]]+ 'grep -e ' ^[^/]*/[^/]*$ 'grep -E -o ' <MATCH>w+ 'grep -E " MATCH " | cut -d " , " -f2 | awk ' {print $1} 'grep -oh " w*<STRING>w* "grep -o -P ' (?<=PATTERN1).*(?=PATTERN2) ' awk ' NR>1{print $1} ' RS=[ FS = ]awk -F'[ ()] ' ' {print $2 } 'awk ' {gsub("[^[:digit:]]+"," ")}1 'awk ' /regex/ { print x }; { x=$0 } 'awk ' /regex/ { print (x=="" ? "match on line 1" : x) }; { x=$0 } 'awk -v srch= " <PATTERN> " ' BEGIN{l=length(srch)}{t=match($0,srch);if(!t){next}$0=substr($0,t+l);print srch" "$2} ' < filename > | awk ' {print $1} 'awk ' { print substr($0, index($0,$3)) } 'awk ' /AAA|BBB|CCC/ 'awk ' {$<COL_NUMBER> = "<VALUE>"; print} 'cat FILENAME.txt | awk ' BEGIN { print "<table>" }
{ print "<tr><td>" $1 "</td><td>" $2 "</td><tr>" }
END { print "</table>" } '
cat toTable | awk ' BEGIN { print "<tbody>" }
{ print "<tr><td><strong>" $1 "</strong></td>" }
{ print "<td>" $2 "</td></tr>" }
END { print "</tbody>" } 'awk -v FS= " (PATTERN1|PATTERN2) " ' {print $2} ' s/ <-- this means it should perform a substitution
.* <-- this means match zero or more characters
[ <-- this means match a literal [ character
( <-- this starts saving the pattern for later use
[^]]* <-- this means match any character that is not a [ character
the outer [ and ] signify that this is a character class
having the ^ character as the first character in the class means "not"
) <-- this closes the saving of the pattern match for later use
] <-- this means match a literal ] character
/1 <-- this means replace everything matched with the first saved pattern
(the match between "(" and ")" )
/g <-- this means the substitution is global (all occurrences on the line)
< EXACT MATCH >
sed ' /regex/{x;p;x;} 'sed ' /regex/G 'sed ' /regex/{x;p;x;G;} 'sed ' /./= ' filename | sed ' /./N; s/n/ / 'sed ' /baz/s/foo/bar/g 'sed ' /baz/!s/foo/bar/g 'sed ' 1!G;h;$!d '
sed -n ' 1!G;h;$p ' sed -e :a -e ' /\$/N; s/\n//; ta ' sed -e :a -e ' $!N;s/nMATCH/ /;ta ' -e ' P;D 'sed ' /n/!G;s/(.)(.*n)/&21/;//D;s/.// 'sed ' s/witch/red/g;s/gem/red/g;s/puss/red/g ' # most seds
gsed ' s/witch|gem|puss/red/g ' # GNU sed onlysed ' s/foo/bar/ ' # replaces only 1st instance in a line
sed ' s/foo/bar/4 ' # replaces only 4th instance in a line
sed ' s/foo/bar/g ' # replaces ALL instances in a line
sed ' s/(.*)foo(.*foo)/1bar2/ ' # replace the next-to-last case
sed ' s/(.*)foo/1bar/ ' # replace only the last casesed ' s/^[ t]*// ' # see note on 't' at end of filesed ' s/[ t]*$// ' # see note on 't' at end of filesed -n ' /regexp/p ' # method 1
sed ' /regexp/!d ' # method 2sed -n ' /regexp/{g;1!p;};h 'sed -n ' /regexp/{n;p;} 'sed ' /^s*$/d ' filesed ' /MATCH/aADD_THIS ' filesed ' /MATCH/i<INSERT> ' filesed ' s/^/<STRING>/ 'sed ' /AAA/!d; /BBB/!d; /CCC/!d 'sed ' /<MATCH>/s/^/<STRING>/ 'sed -e ' /./{H;$!d;} ' -e ' x;/MATCH/!d; 'sed -e ' /./{H;$!d;} ' -e ' x;/AAA/!d;/BBB/!d;/CCC/!d 'sed -e ' /./{H;$!d;} ' -e ' x;/AAA/b ' -e ' /BBB/b ' -e ' /CCC/b ' -e dsed -n ' /regexp/,$p 'sed ' /s/$/<string>/ 'sed ' /<MATCH>/s/$/ myalias/ 'sed ' /match/ s/$/ anotherthing/ ' filesed -e :a -e ' /\$/N; s/\n//; ta 'sed ' s/^[ t]*//;s/[ t]*$// 'sed ' s/[ t]*$// 'sed ' /X/{$!N;/n.*Y/!P;D} 'sed ' s/<MATCH>/,/<MATCH>//g 'sed ' /<MATCH>/,/<MATCH>/!d;/;/p 'sed Gsed ' /^$/d;G 'sed ' /<MATCH>/s/<STR>/<REPLACE>/g ' echo ' 345,0m0.047s ' | sed -n -r ' s/^(.*),.*[^0-9]([0-9]*).(.*)s$/1,23/p '
345,0047sed ' s/[0-9][0-9];[0-9][0-9]H//g ' | egrep -o ' [^][]+ 'sed ' /regex/{x;p;x;G;} 'sed ' /regex/{x;p;x;} 'sed ' /regex/G 'sed -n ' /ABC/,+1p ' infilesed ' s/<STRING1>.*<STRING2>// 'sed -e ' s|[<THIS><THIS>]||g 'sed ' s|/|:|g 'sed ' s/[!@#$%^&*<>"()]//g 'sed -i " /aaa=/caaa=xxx " your_file_heresed ' G;G 'sed ' n;d ' :%s/unix/Linux/gi:%s/UNIX/bar/gI:%s/ < UNIX > /Linux/gc:%s/UNIX/Linux/gc alias ..= ' cd .. '
alias c= ' clear '
alias cls= ' clear;ls '
# Grabs the disk usage in the current directory
alias usage= ' du -ch | grep total '
alias ksh= ' du -ksh * '
# Gives you what is using the most space. Both directories and files. Varies on
# current directory
alias most= ' du -hsx * | sort -rh | head -10 '
# ls aliases
alias lf= ' ls -alF --color=auto '
alias la= ' ls -al --color=auto '
alias ll= ' ls -l --color=auto '
alias l= ' ls -l --color=auto '
alias lh= ' ls -lh --color=auto '
# create directory
alias md= ' mkdir -p '
alias t= ' tail -f '
alias network= ' service network restart '
alias f= ' find / -name '
alias fhere= ' find . -name '
alias iptables= ' service iptables restart 'lsof | grep " (deleted)$ " | sed -re ' s/^S+s+(S+)s+S+s+([0-9]+).*/1/fd/2/ ' | while read file ; do bash -c " : > /proc/ $file " ; done echo " <XML> " or cat file | xml_ppcut -d " <MATCH> " -f1perl -MURI::Escape -lne ' print uri_escape($_) '
alias hashpass= ' echo $PASS | awk -F : ' " ' " ' {for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) {print $i}} ' " ' "perl -lne ' /(K[^)]+/ and print $& 'comm -13 <( sort file1 ) <( sort file2 )perl -pe ' s/(?<!^)(?=<STRING>)/n/g ' < filename >diff -a --suppress-common-lines -y File1 File2rpm -qa --qf " %{NAME}n " ^ w {0,10}$ # allows words of up to 10 characters.
^ w {5,}$ # allows words of more than 4 characters.
^ w {5,10}$ # allows words of between 5 and 10 characters. tcpdump -Dtcpdump -i eth0tcpdump -i anytcpdump -vtcpdump -vvtcpdump -vvvtcpdump -v -Xtcpdump -v -XXtcpdump -qtcpdump -c 100tcpdump -w capture.captcpdump -v -w capture.captcpdump -r capture.captcpdump -vvv -r capture.captcpdump -ntcpdump -n dst host 192.168.1.1tcpdump -n src host 192.168.1.1tcpdump -n host 192.168.1.1tcpdump -n dst net 192.168.1.0/24tcpdump -n src net 192.168.1.0/24tcpdump -n net 192.168.1.0/24tcpdump -n dst port 23tcpdump -n dst portrange 1-1023tcpdump -n tcp dst portrange 1-1023tcpdump -n udp dst portrange 1-1023tcpdump -n " dst host 192.168.1.1 and dst port 23 "tcpdump -n " dst host 192.168.1.1 and (dst port 80 or dst port 443) "tcpdump -v icmptcpdump -v arptcpdump -v " icmp or arp "tcpdump -n " broadcast or multicast "tcpdump -s 500tcpdump -s 0/backbox/backbox-3.0/bin/sendEmail -f [email protected] -t [email protected] -s SMTP_ADDRESS -u MailTest -o message-file=[Expert@Checkpoint] # cplic print > cplic.txt
[Expert@Checkpoint] # cat cplic | grep -o -P '..?Jan.*?....|..?Feb.*?....|..?Mar.*?....|..?Apr.*?....|..?May.*?....|..?Jun.*?....|..?Jul.*?....|..?Aug.*?....|..?Sep.*?....|..?Oct.*?....|..?Nov.*?....|..?Dec.*?....' echo -e " print <table_name> <object_name>n-qn " | dbedit -local
echo -e " printxml <table_name> <object_name>n-qn " | dbedit -localfw= " xxx " ; cpmiquerybin object " " network_objects " name=' $fw ' " | grep anti_spoofcpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " type='gateway_cluster' " -a __name__,ipaddrcpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " type='cluster_member' " -a __name__cpmiquerybin object " " network_objects " " | grep -A 12 cluster_members | grep Name | awk -F " ( " ' {printf $2} ' | sed -e ' s/)/|/g '
cpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " name='cluster_name' " -a cluster_memberscpmiquerybin object " " network_objects " name='group_name_goes_here' " | grep " :Name "cpmiquerybin attr " " policies_collections " " -a __name__cpmiquerybin attr " " fw_policies " " -a __name__cpmiquerybin attr " " policies_collections " name='Standar' " -a __name__,installable_targetscpmiquerybin attr " mdsdb " network_objects " name='Cluster1' " -a __name__,ipaddrcpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " (primary_management='false') & (management='true') " -a __name__cpmiquerybin attr " mdsdb " mdss " " -a __name__cpmiquerybin attr " mdsdb " network_objects " management='true' " -a __name__,ipaddrcpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " management='true' " -a __name__,ipaddr cpmiquerybin attr " mdsdb " mdss " primary='true' " -a __name__cpmiquerybin attr " " services " include_in_any='true' " -a __name__cpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " ipaddr='<IP>' " -a __name__,ipaddrGATEWAYS=( ` cpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " (type='gateway') & (location='internal') " -a __name__ | tr ' n ' ' ' ` )
CLUSTERS=( ` cpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " (type='gateway_cluster') & (location='internal') " -a __name__ | tr ' n ' ' ' ` )
CLUSTER MEMBERS=( ` cpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " (type='cluster_member') | (type='gateway') & (location='internal') " -a __name__ | tr ' n 'cpmiquerybin attr " " network_objects " type='gateway'|type='cluster_member'|type='gateway_cluster' " -a __name__,ipaddr,svn_version_name,appliance_typeNAME= " Variable "
echo $NAME
echo " $NAME "
echo " ${NAME} ! " $# Number of arguments
$* All arguments
$@ All arguments, starting from first
$1 First argument[[ -z STRING ]] Empty string
[[ -n STRING ]] Not empty string
[[ STRING == STRING ]] Equal
[[ STRING != STRING ]] Not Equal
[[ NUM -eq NUM ]] Equal
[[ NUM -ne NUM ]] Not equal
[[ NUM -lt NUM ]] Less than
[[ NUM -le NUM ]] Less than or equal
[[ NUM -gt NUM ]] Greater than
[[ NUM -ge NUM ]] Greater than or equal
[[ STRING =~ STRING ]] Regexp
(( NUM < NUM )) Numeric conditions
[[ -o noclobber ]] If OPTIONNAME is enabled
[[ ! EXPR ]] Not
[[ X ]] && [[ Y ]] And
[[ X ]] || [[ Y ]] Or[[ -e FILE ]] Exists
[[ -r FILE ]] Readable
[[ -h FILE ]] Symlink
[[ -d FILE ]] Directory
[[ -w FILE ]] Writable
[[ -s FILE ]] Size is > 0 bytes
[[ -f FILE ]] File
[[ -x FILE ]] Executable
[[ FILE1 -nt FILE2 ]] 1 is more recent than 2
[[ FILE1 -ot FILE2 ]] 2 is more recent than 1
[[ FILE1 -ef FILE2 ]] Same files ! $ Expand last parameter of most recent command
! * Expand all parameters of most recent command
! -n Expand nth most recent command
! n Expand nth command in history
! < command > Expand most recent invocation of command < command >date -d@ $( echo $(( $(date + " % s") - 86400 )) ) + " %Y-%m-%d " echo -n " STRING " | perl -MURI::Escape -wlne ' print uri_escape $_ ' ¯_(ツ)_/¯
