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# Shani Web Application Framework

Shani is an open source web framework designed to enable fast application development with minimal efforts while performance, security, creativity and modern web application development practices coexists.

Use Cases

Use Shani to build cilent-side or server-side application. You can also use your favorite front-end framework while Shani stands on back-end, or vice versa.

Main Features

Scalability
Robust (Error torelancy)
Secure (CSRF, Session Mgt, Authentication & Authorization)
Fast
Multiprosess
Multithreaded
Event driven
Non-blocking
HMVC
Zero dependency
Dynamic Routing
Built-in web server
Web socket supports
State Management
Third-party library support
Best practices API supports
Supports JSON, XML, YAML, CSV and HTML
Load balancing (Round robin, preemptive, fixed)
Memory Management
Asynchronous

System requirements

Shani runs well on Linux and Mac OS, However for Windows users they can use Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL).

Installation

No installation is required.

Usage

To start Shani application web server, run the following command on terminal:

$ php index.php

1.0 Project Structure

Shani Application has the following project structure

/root
	apps/ (Contains user applications. Create your applications here)
	config/ (Contains important server and hosts configurations)
		hosts/ (Contains host configurations files (hostname.yml). Register your application here)
			localhost.yml (can be customized)
		ssl/ (Contains server ssl certificate files for)
		mime.yml
		server.yml (Server configuration are written here, and can be customized.)
	gui/ (Contains support for GUI building)
		assets/ (Contains static files e.g: .css, .js,fonts etc shared by all applications)
		html/ (Contains html templates comes with framework)
	library/ (Contains files comes with framework that can be used directly by user application)
	shani/ (Contains core framework files)
	index.php (The entry point of a Shani application)

1.0.1 User Application Structure

A typical user application folder structure may appear as the following:

apps/
	demo/
		v1/
			modules/ (Can be renamed)
				module1_name/ (Can be desired module name)
					src/ (Can be renamed)
						get/ (This is the request method as directory)
							Resource.php (Can be any resource file)
					views/ (can be renamed)
						resource/ (All lowercase, must match resource file name)
					lang/ (Can be renamed)
						resource/ (All lowercase, must match resource file name)
					breadcrumb/(Can be renamed)
						resource/ (All lowercase, must match resource file name)
							functions/ (can be renamed)
								function-name.php (Must match function name in resource file class)
							resource.php (must match module name)
						module1_name.php (must match module name)

Let's assume we want to create an application called demo having version 1.0 (v1). Our application has one module called greetings and one resource file called Hello.php.

Now, look at the following example of a resource file:

<?php

namespace appsdemov1modulesgreetingswebget {

	use shanienginehttpApp;

    final class Hello
    {
        private App $app;

        public function __construct(App &$app)
        {
            $this->app = $app;
        }

        /**
         * Display greetings from Shani.
         */
        public function world()
        {
	        //sending output to user agent using default view file (world.php)
            $this->app->render();
        }
    }
}

Creating view file: (apps/demo/v1/modules/greetings/views/hello/world.php)

<h1>Hello From Shani</h1>

Considering our example above, our application folder structure will be like this:

apps/
    demo/
        v1/
            modules/
                greetings/
                    src/
                        get/
                            Hello.php
                    views/
                        hello/
                            world.php

1.0.2 Registering Application

The next step is to register our application so that it can be available on the web. You can do this by going to /config/hosts/ and create a configuration file called localhost.yml. You can choose any name.

Remember! Each application MUST have it's own configuration file

The following is the default application configuration that comes with Shani

# A user application must have atleast one version.
VERSIONS:
  "1.0":
    # Environment variables are customs, you can create any e.g DEV, TEST, PROD or any
    # Must extends shaniadvisorsConfiguration
    ENVIRONMENTS:
      DEV: appsdemov1configSettings
      # Active environment can any one of the provided above.
    ACTIVE_ENVIRONMENT: DEV
    DEFAULT_LANGUAGE: sw
    # Whether an application is running or not
    RUNNING: true
  "2.0":
    ENVIRONMENTS:
      DEV: appsdemov2configSettings
    ACTIVE_ENVIRONMENT: DEV
    DEFAULT_LANGUAGE: sw
    RUNNING: true
# The default application version
DEFAULT_VERSION: "2.0"

Let us customize this file to fit our application needs:

VERSIONS:
  "1.0":
    ENVIRONMENTS:
      DEV: appsdemov1configDevSettings
      TEST: appsdemov1configTestSettings
      PROD: appsdemov1configProdSettings
    ACTIVE_ENVIRONMENT: DEV
    DEFAULT_LANGUAGE: sw
    RUNNING: true
DEFAULT_VERSION: "1.0"

The next step is to create these configuration class files. We will create them under apps/demo/v1/config/. Some content can be like so:

<php

namespace appsdemov1config {

    use shaniadvisorsConfiguration;
    use shanienginehttpApp;

    final class DevSettings extends Configuration
    {
        public function __construct(App &$app, array &$configurations)
        {
            parent::__construct($app, $configurations);
        }
        //Add all unimplemented methods here
	}
}

1.0.2.1 Aliases

Let us assume our application is available through http://localhost:8008, we also want our application to be available via http://127.0.0.1:8008, and http://example.local, or more...

There comes the concept of aliases, it is when the application is available via more than one host name. Just like we created localhost.yml file, we're going to create 127.0.0.1.alias file and example.local.alias file.

Remember The file localhost.yml must be available before creating .alias file, otherwise your server will crush

127.0.0.1.alias file contents

localhost

example.local.alias file contents

localhost

As we have seen, all .alias files must contains a host name they point to. This is how you create alias(es) in Shani application.

1.0.3 Running The Application

Again, let's assume our application is available via localhost:8008. The default ports for our web server is 8008 for HTTP and port 44380 for HTTPS. We can use the following URL to call our function world.

$ curl http://localhost:8008/greetings/0/hello/0/world

Congratulation! You have completed the first step to become a Shani developer.

2.0 URL structure

Shani application follows the following URL pattern

http://hostname[:port]/module-name/param1/resource-name/param2/function-name[/more-params][?query=q1]

Breaking down the pattern above, we can see that

module-name represent the current resource module requested by user. This is a directory where all sub-resources under this module resides.
param1 and param2 are the resource identifiers, can be a number, string or anything
resource-name or sometime known as controller-name is a sub-resource. It is the actual implementation of the application, and
function-name is a function name available in resource class definition. After function name, you can add more parameters or appending a query string

Example:

http://localhost:8008/products/201/sales/10/details

Shani application uses kebab to camel case conversion to convert URL into valid names.

module-name in URL represents a module-name directory in project structure.
resource-name in URL represents a ResourceName class in module-name directory, and resource-name directory in a view directory
function-name in URL represents a functionName in a ResourceName class file, and a function-name.php view in a view directory